At present, the world economy is going through a difficult process - globalization.Its result has become a huge transformation.They have affected virtually all sectors of the national economies of most countries.At the same time changes are taking place in many cases, spontaneous, unpredictable nature of the advance.This sometimes has a negative impact on entire sectors of the economy of a country, eventually bringing irreparable loss.In this connection, the scientists of many countries has been tasked to study the internal processes of globalization that are directly dependent on the development of each entity of the global market.
Globalization
modern universal movement impossible to fit into the framework of a pre-existing theoretical schemes based on historical events have occurred.At the heart of the systems used to lay the theory of infinite time and space, the development of mankind.Globalization and its basic laws clearly demonstrated the fallacy of this claim: sustainable development and functioning of the world economy is limited by finite resources and processes of human activity.As a result, a new concept of global development, consisting of a set of strategies, with limited conditions, to address global challenges.The fight against poverty and achieving the welfare of the population of the planet - this is one of the major challenges of globalization, which can be achieved only if the income growth of the population and increase the overall productivity in each individual state.In the process of achieving goals plays an important role the total set of all external and internal factors such as the environment and relationships in human society.Only with the right interaction of people in society and society with the environment it will be possible a significant increase in the parameters of the overall development of quantitative and qualitative indicators.
Russia in modern economic system
With the collapse of the Soviet Union and the transition to market relations, Russia's economy has experienced a huge shock, which finally recovered to date.To date, it faces the task of choosing the strategy for the long period of time, depending on where it will be further defined in the world.It is important to give a correct evaluation of all the features of the country and determine the initial position, which will be launched.At the same time assess the role and place of Russia is in terms of the stability of its economy, which in turn should seek to minimize the cost, based on nonrenew- certain natural resources and the replacement of reducing or at least rare.An important factor here is the preservation of the environment in the same state.In modern conditions, when most industries manufacturing equipment have long been outdated, the overall change in the domestic economy is only possible with the introduction of innovative technologies.The use of new techniques and schemes will improve the quality and quantity of products.This will eventually lead to an increase in the competitive ability of the state.This condition - one of the principles that lead to the sustainable development of the regions of Russia in the process of world globalization.Therefore, all the changes need to be constantly careful study, on the basis of which they will be further adjusted.Of great importance in this regard is the social fund for regional development.In addition to the tasks to improve the areas of economic activity, the activity association aims to maintain an adequate level of social protection of citizens.Social Fund for Development of Regions in the number of urgent priorities puts a uniform distribution of power and the concerns of all States of the country.
globalization in modern literature
Modern economic theory devoted to the problem of globalization, a great number of works.However, in the scientific world so far there is no clear concept of globalization, one of the authors dealing with this subject, brings something of their own, putting their own understanding of the process.The majority of scientists identified a number of systems in the process of globalization.These include, in particular, the financial sector, the system of production and the market of information technologies.The researchers also recognized the influence exerted by globalization on the world community as a whole.Thus, due to the computerization of society blurs the boundaries of the financial markets, it becomes easier to move the capital of the economic divide becomes conditional.
challenges of globalization
To characterize the globalization process more fully, it is necessary to examine all the forms in which it manifests itself.To do this, the first step is to classify the universal problem, that is to allocate specific problems for certain groups, of which later turn out a complex system - the program of development of the region.This approach to the classification easier to solve the problem of theoretical understanding and finding solutions.This separation of concerns by groups is not an end.This is just one of the most important parts of an integrated approach to problem solving.This method allows to identify relevant problems, to identify the main communication path to establish cooperation and to identify global issues, the study of which should occur in the first place.In addition, the problem of classifying and taking into account the mutual influence formed the final sequence of practical steps for the task.Correctly classifying breaks a common problem in stages, whereby each stage of the research are becoming more detailed and accurate.So more clearly become visible factors of development of the region.
Modern literature also does not provide unequivocal advice on the structuring of a common set of problems in groups.There are many different methods of describing this process.As a result, the assignment of any problem to a particular group is rather arbitrary.In this connection, the method of breaking up into groups is not seen as the only true, but as one of the few, the results of which should pay attention.It helps to better understand the nature of the emergence of global problems and to establish their internal relationship with each other.This need to divide the total into subgroups due primarily to limited human capacity, by virtue of which people are not able to immediately deal with the whole universal task.
Subjects economic system
sustainable development of the region is primarily characterized by the relationship between production and capital.This feature is an extension of management with every year of its effect on more and more subjects.In this regard, there is a constant growth of trade relationships between subjects of the market relations in the sphere of trade and services.The economic structure of the region includes several aspects.These include, in particular, should include:
- strengthening cooperation between market actors, is well ahead of increasing production;
- the creation of multinational corporations;
- permanent migration of capital from the economy to the economy of one subject to another currency conversion;
- redistribution of trade and financial flows between market participants.
single economic world system has a direct impact on the number of groups within the same region, each of which has its own impact on the world's GDP.In the end, most of the world's trade is with the provision of services and the exchange of products (raw materials) between sectors.A good example of this is the relationship between the particular development of the subjects of the market, which accounted for over 60% of world trade.At the same time the population of these entities is less than 20% of the total population.A good representative of the EU is, in which up to 70% of total turnover accounted for trade between members of the union.
Corporation and Credit Unions
The main focus of the modern economy is the general globalization of capital.In these circumstances, each State participating in the world economic system has to work with multinational corporations acting in most cases as equal partners.In this case, the company can have a significant impact on the world of management in general.In this regard, the national government at the highest level are forced to conclude with them a variety of economic agreements.In this situation, a powerful impetus to the development of the capital market of credit received.It began to be necessary to create special trade areas on which the creditor banks located in one country and working in the money of the country, may grant loans or deposits are not in the national currency.However, such operations are no longer in the national legislation.On the lending market there is the following situation: not limited by national laws, such markets gain competitive advantage through unregulated interest rates.This eventually led to a significant increase in credit resources of the world economy and significantly simplify access to them by the end user.This, in turn, had a significant impact on social development.
innovative development of the region
In our country, as has been noted above, the main priority of improving economic activity is the introduction of new developments in all areas of activity of the population.However, this can not be achieved by direct orders from above.In this regard, one of the main roles in the solution of this problem is given to local authorities, which in turn must set appropriate priorities for their immediate action.At the first stage the regional development strategy includes the creation of favorable conditions in the territories under their control for the development of production and business activities, providing favorable conditions for investment.It is important to promptly react to changes in general.It should also be regularly edit tasks aimed at sustainable development of the region, the ways and means of achieving them.Not the least role in the process of playing the natural features of the territory.They are accounted for researchers to assess the prospects for Russia's development.To better utilize the potential of the territory of the state is involved in the process, established on state level legislation.Participation in this case is carried out by attracting equity capital and human resources in the most interesting from an economic point of view the projects.When considering the prospects of Russia is important to find ways to maintain the high-tech industries.Addressing these issues is considered one of the priorities in today's world.Only through an integrated approach to the management of the state and local authorities to quality and competitive economic development of Russia.This requires the introduction of new innovative approaches both to existing operational industries and new, are being introduced in the territory of the subject.In most cases, it is the ability of a rapid introduction of modern technologies depends on the competitiveness and sustainable development of the region.
Association of market participants within the framework of the subject
to the forefront when the technological leap in each individual market subjects beyond the capacity for unity and teamwork are all situated in the region, organizations and enterprises.Only in the case of compounds in a single process all industries can create high-quality competitive product.At the same time such an association should be legally recognized by the regional (state) authorities.One type of recognition is a regional development fund, approved at the state level.It includes the interests of all stakeholders: government, financial institutions, industrial enterprises and other market participants subject.In this case, the efficiency of the final production will depend on the competitiveness of high-tech products to the trading floor, participants will be not individual companies and entire complexes and scientific associations.For the development and introduction of new products in this case are all conditions: financial support and industrial base, which ultimately will lead to strengthening the position of separate areas and improve the economic development of Russia as a whole.Association members are interconnected by various types of contracts.They make a number of commitments jointly coordinate their actions in the financial sector, in the sphere of investment marketing and other areas of management.Do not remain without attention and social development of the region.Participation in this alliance is voluntary, the main goal of each participant is to maximize profits.The establishment and operation of such associations within the area of business entity enables painless move to a model assuming a stable development of the region, based on the innovations embedded in various types of processes.
Market competition Competition is one of the key concepts in the description of market relations.Only in a free trade system of competition can develop smoothly.Competition is a universal tool for determining the number of market participants, the volume of supply and prices.The main goal of any company is to maximize profits.To do this in an open competition each individual producer must be something to beat their rivals.In this case, the "competition" is a key element of the mechanism of the market, it provides the most advantageous cooperation in the producer-consumer, as well as in the use of trading capital.When the competitive production of each entrepreneur is concerned not only about reducing costs, but also the expansion and improvement of the quality of output.All this is aimed at improving the characteristics of a product, reducing its price, and thus obtain the advantages among other manufacturers.In this case, the competition serves as a motivating element in the economic progress.As a result of introducing new technologies, expanding the range of goods and services, reduced cost and increased quality.
competition
Functions The main functions of competition are:
- focus on the needs of each manufacturer end-user (in the case when the enterprise becomes uncompetitive, its products are not the final buyer and activities for the production of goods stops);
- natural selection among the producers (the company with more expensive or of poor quality products out of the market);
- impact on production and the growth of its efficiency;
- impact on the redistribution of initial resources;
- regulation of the level of prices for goods and services market.
significant role in the competitive struggle in every industrial sector plays a time during which the process of production base.Conditionally it can be divided into four stages:
1. Entering a new product.At this stage, there are small amounts of goods sold, the relatively high price compared to similar (if available).
2. Growth stage.There is an increase in production volume due to increasing demand, with the high level of prices is maintained.
3. Stage of maturity.The volume of production reaches its peak, then comes the fall in demand due to the overabundance of goods in the market, as a result of competitive prices are falling.
4. Stage obsolescence.
