Occupational safety and industrial ecology in the modern world - not just a question of image, and orders, and taxes that, as a result, directly affect the income of companies.Next, a closer look at the impact of operations on the environment.The article will also be given basic provisions governing environmental safety at the plant.
General
Environmental security in the enterprise - is a definite set of measures.Their goal - to bring its activities to the relevant environmental regulations and improving its profitability.The implication is that the organization that uses energy and resource saving processes and increases its effectiveness, and in addition, reduces the impact of harmful substances on the workers themselves and the environment.Compliance with Russian and European ekonormam makes the company more competitive, as it gives the opportunity to participate in many different projects.The fact that foreign customers production environment is very important when choosing a performer it is almost crucial.
Audit
Technology does not stand still, and because industrial ecology and safety require constant upgrading capacity.In order that the owner knew how to change and, every five years carried out a special audit.In the case of the reconstruction of the research carried out more frequently.During the audit carried out measurement and assessment of manufacturing processes affecting the environment and employees.Based on the data, the owner is given instructions on how to arrange the technology and reduce the pollution.In addition, measures for environmental safety of the company include the installation of water treatment facilities, and implementation of appropriate modernization.
"direct proportion"
In Russia, environmental safety at the plant is directly related to money.Companies pay tax on emissions: the more of them - the higher amount.In case of failure to audit or exceeding the pollution standards imposed penalties.In general, to be "messy" own peril.Incidentally, it considers the effect of not only the harmful substances to the environment, but also directly to employees of the organization.So if it turns out that the environment is not enough organized production, the company can not be certified.As a result, in addition to a fine organization can also ban job to eliminate the causes.
pollution sources
Speaking of emissions, many are just some factory smokestack tube.However, all is not so clear.Under environmental pollution meant not only the gas mixture, but also waste water, as well as noise.Scientifically speaking, the study of this subject has been closely industrial ecology.The company can accumulate waste.Below them is meant compounds that are released into the air, into the water.They also include solids, noise, heat, and electromagnetic rays produced as a result of manufacturing products from raw materials.All this has a negative impact on the environment.There are two types of pollution sources.Under the first understand directly the manufacturing process.Under the second - technical systems and devices, ie pipes, drainage systems, through which the environment and get waste.Emission sources are of two types.If the entity has a special system that affect the environment - is organized by source.If waste is stored simply, it is - fugitive.
calculations
Environmental Safety at the plant is calculated in certain ways.In the presence of organized waste produced measurements on pipes, drains and other systems.When fugitive calculated total emissions and power, as well as the size of the production, from which the pollution.The data obtained is introduced into a special computer program, it is the realization of a mathematical model of Professor Berlyandta.They are given the wind rose, the topography, weather conditions, and the impact on the environment of other capacities, calculate calculation model.According to these calculations, and provides recommendations and guidelines that must be done for the further functioning of the production.
on complete trust
Any enterprise in Russia, according to the law, for its operations should develop a whole system of engineering and technical documentation.In it, the organization should clearly indicate the maximum permissible and temporarily agreed emissions, discharges and waste disposal limits.According to these data to assess environmental security in the enterprise, the impact of facilities on the hydrosphere, the atmosphere and the environment in general.The authenticity of these documents, as mentioned earlier, is checked every five years during the audit.
get a prescription, the company undertakes its own, without supervision, follow them until the next check.That is acting kind of presumption of innocence, the organization is considered to be law-abiding until the contrary is proved.But this does not mean that, having checked, you can live peacefully next few years.The fact that local and federal supervisory authorities may carry out an audit at any time.Moreover, both planned and spontaneous, provoked the locals complained, for example, excessive noise or fumes.
again about money
ecologically sound enterprises is estimated at the local level bodies of sanitary and epidemiological surveillance.At the federal - Environmental Prosecutor's Office.Owners of production should take into account that these organizations are fairly easy to write out fines ranging from several tens of thousands of millions of rubles, and finishing, as well as close to the production of eliminating the causes.In the case of the ban on the operation of the organization to pay for the violation of the norms still need.Speaking of standards.They are calculated according to the results of an environmental audit in accordance with the regulations of the Law "On Environmental Protection".At the same time the results of studies that are both in text and graphical form, mean the worst developments in the industry.That is, the owner is interested in continuing the modernization of facilities in order to reduce the amount of waste, because the more of them, the higher the tax, which is imposed for pollution.
Foreign criteria
Another factor that should push companies to implement rules on environmental safety, is the attitude of foreign investors in this regard.It's no secret that the subject of environmental protection in the past twenty years in Europe and America are very popular.Of course, the really important foreign partners of the order value.However, given the public mood, they have to carefully choose the contractor, based on ecological production.This is largely due to the fact that if the information will pop up (and it is because of the competition is always, sooner or later appear in the media) that the manufacture of goods was done great harm to nature, it will hit the image of the company.This, in turn, is fraught with the depreciation of the shares, and in the worst case - the boycott by consumers of our products.
Health above all
As can be seen from the above, the environmental safety of the enterprise - this is primarily a question of finance.And we have not yet considered the issue in terms of personnel.Harmful production implies higher salaries, fringe benefits, frequent hospital and big holiday.It is necessary to constantly spend more on training safety labor law at least once every six months.In general, workers have to "clean" the company several times cheaper.In addition to mercantile interests, so to speak, and even moral.Leave the dirt, where you live alone or your employees at least ashamed.Let not his contemporaries and to posterity.Who knows, maybe near a dangerous enterprise in the future children will have to live the owner.
