Among the harmful organisms inhabiting within man and harmful to his health, a significant place is occupied by parasitic protozoa.This single-celled animals that have adapted to the existence of someone else's expense.They are quite numerous, all emit about 30 different species of birds that specialize in humans.Even more common in organisms other vertebrates and invertebrates.
parasitic protozoa: structural features
external and internal data organisms have exactly the same structure as all other single-celled.They have only one structural unit, but it is able to perform all the vital functions necessary for normal life.Namely:
- grows and develops;
- breeds;
- powered;
- breathing;
- has excitability and irritability;
- moves.
Therefore, we can say that the parasitic protozoa - quite independent, holistic living organisms.Differences them from all other single-cell that they have lost the digestive vacuole due to a parasitic way of life, and contractility.In addition, often lack organelles movement.
multiply fast enough asexually.The parent cell just after reaching maturity, is divided into several subsidiaries.They lead an independent life immediately after formation.
eating parasites in the host?It depends on the individual characteristics of each type, but basically their food - blood or intestinal contents.They absorb substances throughout the body surface due to the reduction of the vacuole.
Classification and representatives of the protozoan parasite
classify the various representatives of the organism in question as follows.
| Class | representatives |
| Sporozoa | Plasmodium falciparum, coccidia, gregarines, piroplazmidy |
| rhizopod | dysentery amoeba, intestinal, oral amoeba |
| flagellates | Trichomonas, Giardia, trypanosomes, leishmania |
| ciliates | balantidiums |
All these organisms - protozoan disease is the cause of human rights.All of them - are very dangerous for the life and health of parasitic protozoa.The table includes only the most common representatives.In fact, there are more rare, a lot of them.
Leishmania
Today the figure reflects the number of people infected with the parasite, just terrible - 12 million.This oval-shaped fixed intracellular representative of the simplest is small flagellum.However, it moves very slowly and for short distances.
Settling within the host cell, which is to Leishmania insects and mammals, including man, they cause a gradual dying off of the structure.The man on the skin, in the place where live Leishmania, formed an open gaping ulcer constantly nagnivayuschaya.This disease is called rubber or Baghdad sore.Treated very difficult and long, with surgery.
Transfer unicellular this group of mosquitoes, so the foci of leishmaniasis are found in the tropics and subtropics.
Giardia
class of parasitic protozoa, which include giardia - flagellates.The most dangerous people is representative for the intestinal lamblia, which causes dangerous disease - giardiasis.
Adult parasites in the upper intestine.It is here that they pinocytosis absorb all the nutrients that a person consumes.Also, the body is able to form cysts.In this state, they can survive exposure to ultraviolet radiation and toxic substances.However, low and high temperatures are lethal to them.
cysts are located in the colon, so the output of solid waste products.Infection occurs through their dirt, water.Therefore, good personal hygiene is particularly important in the prevention of giardiasis.
How dangerous this parasite?In the process of life lamblia emits toxic breakdown products that are highly poison the body from the inside.
Parasitic rhizopod
This class includes different kinds of amoeba:
- intestinal;
- dysentery;
- oral.
These parasitic protozoa cause serious diseases in humans, which in some cases may even end in death.
dysentery amoeba - a representative of tropical countries.In them she - the most common parasite.Its main feature, like all amoeboid - the lack of shell and skeletal structures.Therefore, it is moved by prolegs.Propagated by simple division.The ability to form cysts, also living in the human body.Within this structure occurs plural division.
cause disease amebiasis.Strikes the inner wall of the intestines in which the amoeba left bleeding ulcer.In humans, there is blood diarrhea, pain in the body.Diagnose dysentery amoeba difficult.Therefore, it is very dangerous parasites representative.
In contrast to the study of the form, intestinal amoeba present in the body of almost everyone lives in harmony with it.It does not emit toxic substances and do not perforate the intestinal wall.So much discomfort and damage to health is not harmful.
Oral amoeba - inhabitant of plaque and caries formation.It feeds on bacteria, red blood cells can use.The exact value of it for the man is not clear.
balantidiums if
This body - a representative class of ciliates.Enough large oval-celled organism settles in the intestines of people.Here he mastered and perforate the wall of the body, causing the occurrence of bleeding, festering wounds.Cysts this simple easy to get into the bloodstream.This happens dispersal throughout the body.
eating parasites of this kind?Similarly, as other representatives.Absorb nutrients in the human intestine through the body surface.Reproduce asexually by dividing into multiple cells.It forms cysts, which are also parasitic in man.
protozoa cysts Infection occurs through contact of mucous membranes with dirty hands, drinking unboiled water.The disease is caused by these creatures is called balantidioza.Accompanied by vomiting blood, diarrhea, weakness, severe abdominal cramps.
Trichomonas
parasitic protozoa living in the genitourinary system, women and men.Themselves can not hurt to apply, however, it is a place of shelter for the disease-causing bacteria and other pathogens.Able to masquerade as human cells, so the immune system will destroy them is not able to.
disease that causes directly trichomonas, called trichomoniasis.It is sexually transmitted and threatens to infertility for both men and women.
Symptoms of the disease in children
most terrible thing - it's when there are parasites in children.Symptoms of their occurrence following:
- weakness;
- fatigue;
- pallor;
- headaches;
- decreased appetite;
- a bad dream;
- irritability;
- loose stools;
- vomiting and others.
most important thing - to pay attention to them and not to let things take their course.Especially since, according to recent data, in the first place among the diseases are just parasites in children.Symptoms - a sure sign that it is worth considering, and consult a doctor.
