There are few people who have not heard of such a man as Nikola Tesla.Sensitive invention secrets, interesting experiments and discoveries ahead of its time - that's what comes to mind.Mysterious and personality of the scientist.Who was this man - crazy or a genius?
birth and childhood
Most people know about Leonardo da Vinci, which is considered a genius.And, perhaps, his worthy successor at the turn of XIX-XX centuries became Nikola Tesla.Biography of the scientist always starts the same way: he was born July 10, 1856 in the mountain village of Smilyan, which at that time was in the Austrian Empire, and now belongs to Croatia.Nikola was the fourth child of a Serbian Orthodox priest, but after the death of his elder brother in an accident in 1861, he was the only son.First Class he finished here, in the village where he was born.
Later the family moved to Gospic - a larger city where the next great scientist Nikola Tesla finished three grades of elementary school.1873 he received a matriculation, after studying at the Higher School of Real in the city of Karlovac.His family remained in Gospic where he returned after receiving a basic education.
Education and further work
Perebolev cholera and evade duty military service by fleeing to the mountains, Nicola thought about continuing education.Despite the fact that the father wanted his son to follow his footsteps, Nicolas chose to science, which have long gravitated.In 1875 he enrolled at the Higher Technical School in Graz and focused on the study of electrical engineering.Having spent some time as a teacher in Gospic, where his family lived, he went to Prague to continue his education.But he studied at the Faculty of Philosophy is only a semester, and then began to look for work.
In 1879, he got a job in a telegraph company in Budapest, where he worked for the next three years.At the same time he began his own research in the field of electrical engineering.1882 Tesla moved to France and joined the Paris office of the Continental Edison Company, and two years later resigned because they do not get the expected premium for the introduction of some very useful novshevstv.
Emigration to the US
After a while he returned to the same company, but now flew to New York.Officially, his title was "engineer repair of electric motors and DC generators."1885 Edison offered Nicolet improve some equipment for a premium of 50 thousand.Young scientist enthusiastically set to work and after some time has offered several solutions to the problem, but the money never received.Thomas Edison refused to pay them, saying that it was just a joke.Tesla immediately resigned and founded his own company.
By the time he had already received a certain notoriety and had quite a large number of patents.Sell them, he got enough money to build the perfect lab for further developments.In 1899, Nikola Tesla, whose biography interests of people all over the world so far, moved to the city of Colorado Springs, located in the central part of the United States.Subsequently, the town became famous, not least due to the fact that for a long time, there has always been a laboratory of the famous scientist.At the end of the same year it was opened another laboratory - this time in New York.But soon due to lack of funds it had to close.
Work Area
This scientist left behind numerous works and mystery.Nikola Tesla was one of the greatest minds of his time, and yet some people think that this man was crazy charlatan eager to fame and money.This is not entirely true, since the image of the scientist's life is not confirmed.
Tesla was interested in many scientific fields, but primarily he was interested in electrical engineering and electronics.In addition, he conducted research in various fields of physics and engineering business.With regard to this, he was also interested in the processes occurring in the atmosphere, in addition, he has studied the phenomenon of resonance.As a result of the works of Nikola Tesla gave a powerful impetus to the development of many disciplines, and develop relevant even today, especially naimeneee known and literally mythical inventions.In addition, not all scientific manuscripts have survived.First, some Serb recording just burned, considering their inventions too dangerous for mankind, but some of the work of Nikola Tesla, is believed to have been seized by the US government after the death of a genius.
developments and achievements
Over the entire period of his scientific career scientist received several hundred patents worldwide, about a hundred of them - in the United States.Since the main areas of interest were electrical engineer, works and inventions of Nikola Tesla were mainly related to the study of electric current and various appliances.
Perhaps his most significant developments were the following:
- Study of AC.He studied the effects of electricity on the body, to experiment on himself and thus laid the foundation of modern safety, as well as new treatments.In addition, he invented the high-frequency current generator and the transformer, which is still widely referred to simply as "Tesla Coil".
- He described the phenomenon of the rotating magnetic field, thereby expanding field theory.Created polyphase electric cars, has received patents on them.
- an effort to improve the light bulb invented by Edison created the neon and fluorescent lamps.
- created the first wave radio transmitter working on the transfer of signals and power without the aid of wires.
- invented a water pump, and on its basis - dynamo.
- Constructed asynchronous motor.
That company Tesla in 1893 won the right to engage in a major lighting fair in Chicago.Until this has not been implemented for any comparable scale similar design.
also widely known project Uordenkliff.To implement Tesla asked the banker for funding and received a huge sum in those days, as well as a plot of land on Long Island.It was assumed that the scientist will create a new type of communication that does not require wires and allows to transfer various information over long distances.Tower was built and a series of experiments, after which the investor stopped financing due to the fact that the scientist misinformed him about their field of work - the transfer of electricity from one continent to another banker totally not interested.The expensive project was canceled, and it was the beginning of the end of the career of a scientist.
addition to fairly well-known inventions and works, there were other - unconfirmed, incomprehensible and mysterious.They were so incomprehensible to the contemporaries of the inventor, it was said that, if the scientist had sold his soul to the devil.Documentary evidence has been preserved, but so far in the course of the rumors about the involvement of Tesla to the Tunguska explosion, electric invention, who takes energy out of nowhere, and another, no less mysterious instruments and experiments.
Personality
Even as a child, Tesla has some oddities.Pearls, peaches, sheets of paper, which was lowered into the water, causing his inappropriate response.Also, the child liked to read, and had a wonderful memory.The boy loved outdoor games, and later - sports competitions.Hardly then someone could have predicted that in the future his work will become world famous.
strange was the fact that in his youth Nicholas differed seriously.He devoted himself entirely to science and life was a lonely man.He never married and generally refused to privacy.After the acquisition of fame Tesla popular with women, they are often hopelessly fell in love with the scientist.And it's no wonder - he differed quite presentable appearance, and besides, it's been none other than the famous inventor Nikola Tesla.Biographies of scientists repeatedly studied by historians, and most of them have come to the conclusion that his rejection of his personal life was absolute.But platonic passions were - so he kept scarf great Sarah Bernhardt, who met several times.
While the cause of the invention of great interest Nikola Tesla, his figure itself is still quite mysterious.Unlike many other engineers, scientists, almost all of his inventions was originally designed in the mind, only then check your thoughts and ideas into practice.This method is quite unusual and is not for everyone.He worked on them and constantly studied, not knowing tired and not giving yourself a respite.The researcher checked all, even the most seemingly absurd ideas and relied on intuition.It is this perseverance, lively mind, curiosity and self-confidence engendered some famous inventions of Nikola Tesla.He paid attention to physical health.Maybe that's what allowed him to live up to quite elderly.
In addition, Tesla has some peculiar, to say the least oddity.So, he could not stand, and handshakes all human contact.The hotel staff, where he lived the scientist could not approach him at close range.But he loved pigeons, fed them and talked with them.Birds and science replaced his women, he did not think about getting married.
was a scientist and a penchant for some eccentricity.Collars and gloves he wore only once and then threw them mercilessly.And of his speeches at exhibitions he sometimes made a real show.So, in 1893, to prove that the statement about the dangers of AC to humans is not true, Tesla passed through his body about two million volts.And it does not only survived, in spite of the fears, but remained completely unharmed.How beautiful this story shows, Tesla, we can say, sought to demonstrate the results of their research most clearly and effectively.He was not a stranger to some outrageous.
End of life
Despite the fact that the development of Nikola Tesla did not differ security is not killed a scientist.In a fairly old age, just before the Second World War, he was hit by a car and he got broken ribs.Scientist turned permanently bedridden and suffered greatly for their homeland, which, of course, did not add his health.At the beginning of January 1943 the scientist has died in a hotel room in New York City.The official cause of death was heart failure called.Tesla was 86 years old.
body was cremated and the ashes is now in a Belgrade museum named after him.Not leaving a legacy of money, because all your money he spent on the development and experimentation, the scientist gave the descendants of something more valuable - knowledge, ahead of his time by tens and hundreds of years.
value in the history of the use of works
believed that the brilliant scientist Nikola Tesla, Biography and inventions that are still the subject of careful study, a long time ahead of his time, and laid the foundation for the development of advanced electric technologies.
Without his discoveries of the world, perhaps, would have been somewhat different, because some now-familiar, things would not exist, and technical progress could go a different path.Some of its development, signatures are not preserved, we anticipated the invention of recent years and decades.So, one of the last scientists obtained patents contain information about an aircraft that combines features of the airplane and a helicopter.Who knows, maybe soon a similar device will be designed and will go down in life.Tesla himself did not have enough finances to build a prototype.
radar, remote control, some types of light bulbs - these are just a small list of what not to do had, without committing Serbian genius of his great discoveries.And one can only imagine how many there were, people treat him a little more seriously.That there is only known fuel-free engine Tesla.The scheme of this instrument - the subject of the work of many scientists and enthusiasts simply because it should be easy enough, once it could be designed at the level of technology.In addition, the question remains open about the source of energy supply generator Nikola Tesla.According to the scientist, it was aired.Was it a public rally genius or was it something that is not yet available modern physics and inzherenam?In any case, while the followers of trying to repeat some of the experiments and research scientist, based on the description of the experiments.Unfortunately, few can boast at least some success.
experiments Nikola Tesla brought the world many wonderful instruments, given the development of many branches of physics and advanced science forward.And the world is still wondering whether this man is a genius or a madman - is so unusual were his interests, experiences and development.Perhaps that is why people still have not forgotten Nikola Tesla.
Sensitive invention
Name scholar surrounded by numerous rumors.His figure has always been fanned by certain aura of mystery, which only adds to his popularity.And not the last role was played by striking inventions and experiments that the current level of development of science still can not explain or repeat.
Popular rumor is the most incredible and extensive list, which includes private and literally mythic invention, Nikola Tesla.The most famous among them - the fabled death ray, which still go amazing legend.There is a theory according to which it was initially concentrated on certain energy that might end the war.In the future, some newspapermen misquoted the scientist, and it appeared as the most famous legend of the death ray, which can shoot down aircraft and at a great distance and kill hundreds of thousands of soldiers.Just say what the device was mentioned by Tesla is now impossible - after his death, all documents relating to its development, disappeared.Even during his lifetime he did not provide any evidence of "death ray."
Popular rumor attributes the scientist as an important role in the Tunguska phenomenon.As is known, the event that took place June 30, 1908, and has not been fully investigated, it is believed that the cause of a powerful explosion was a meteorite, but its remains were never found.According to one version, everything that happened - the result of one of Tesla's experiments on the transfer of energy at a distance.If so, perhaps it can be considered a success.
In addition, a lot of talk about the participation of Tesla's famous Philadelphia Experiment, during which the ship and about two hundred people on it moved to prostranestve for several kilometers.US Navy denies holding such experience, so that there are rumors of more to the urban legends.Whatever it was part of the Serbian genius in the Philadelphia experiment it is more than doubtful, as is believed, he was held in October 1943, and the scientist died in early January.
Many talked about that, that Tesla has achieved some success in the creation of structures of cold plasma.Allegedly, the scientist received glowing orbs about the size of a football, could easily carry them in his hands, put in a box, and remain unscathed.The structures were stable for several minutes.There is reason to believe that this was ball lightning, although the exact details, of course not.Most likely, people just come to associate the most mysterious and unusual rumors that Nikola Tesla did.It seems that everyone just wants to believe in miracles.
Mentions in the culture, perpetuate the memory of
enigmatic figures of physics continues to agitate the minds of ordinary people, even now.Great heritage, strange behavior, extreme secrecy - all of which help Tesla to remain in people's memory even after many decades after his death.
So scientists appeared in the movie "The Prestige," about two rival jugglers.And interest in his inventions appearing in the film, only fuels - as they are mysterious, although it is obvious that it is fiction.In fact in the life of a scientist I have never worked on the problem of teleportation people.At least accurate information about this has never been.
street named after him in several cities, airport.He appears on the Serbian banknotes and commemorative coins, monuments to him.
