functioning of a modern economy provides employment for millions of people in it.They have their own economic and social interests that may come into conflict with the interests of other members of society.
What is it
Trade unions unite wage earners by sector or professional basis in order to protect their economic rights.Since the workers are in a constantly changing economic, technological, social landscape, their legal position is constantly experiencing the associated pressure.Economic crisis threatens to lower wages.Social changes lead to job cuts.Without working together to protect and promote their rights wage worker at risk of becoming a party to the most insecure economic relations.
History
tradition of creating alliances for the production principle has its roots in the days of feudalism.The guild association can represent the forerunner of the trade unions.Despite the difference in principle, these forms are solved similar problems.The first trade union organizations set up to protect the rights of wage earners, were founded in the XIX century in England.This country is going through an industrial revolution that has led to the emergence of a significant layer of the industrial proletariat in British society.At the same time, relations with the fledgling social environment continued to be based on archaic, semi-feudal settings, which inevitably led to social conflict.Trade union organizations are called in England the trade unions have contributed to the search for a compromise between the hired workers and employers, allowing to solve problems without social upheaval.
Unions in Russia
With the development of industrial production in the Russian Empire were also created trade union organizations.For example, the trade union of railway workers, railwaymen called, had considerable political weight and has a powerful economic levers to protect the rights of railwaymen.Pre-revolutionary trade unions have worked closely with the political parties of the socialist-leaning and had a serious political force.In Soviet times, the trade unions is completely controlled by the state.All enterprises exist primary trade union organizations that were included in the country's union - the All.During this period, the trade unions have practically lost not only the political importance, but also other functions, becoming a distributor of social assistance from the state.
modern trade union organizations
With the end of the Soviet Union and ended the era of the Soviet trade unions.The decline in production, hyperinflation, mass unemployment, have led to significant social degradation of the industrial proletariat, and put wage-workers in an extremely rigid dependence on employers.Restoration of the trade union movement began at the turn of the millennium, together with changes in the economic policy of Russia.Today in Russia there are several large unions, which united workers of different profiles of the economy.The largest structure is today the Federation of Independent Trade Unions of Russia, bringing together thirty-seven million workers.Despite its scale, FITUR is not a monopoly in the trade union movement, which is represented by even a few large organizations.Unions of Russia, in addition to the daily activities to ensure the rights of workers, noting conduct several strikes, seriously affect the bargaining position of employers.
primary trade union organizations
Underlying trade unions are grassroots organizations in the factories and offices.They perform most of the work to protect the rights of its members, the organization of dialogue with the administration and government.Their task is to conclude collective agreements with management companies, which are governed and defines the rights and obligations of the signatories, the mechanisms of interaction and conflict resolution.The primary trade union organizations also have control over the way the administration provides security in the workplace, compliance with the sanitary standards.
value of trade unions
addition to the immediate protection of the interests of workers, trade unions perform a vital function of the part of the social dialogue.With hierarchical representation, the primary structures are combined into a regional trade union organizations that are larger.For example, trade unions are able to act in Moscow a serious party talks not only in the city, but also at the federal level.Trade unions are actively involved in the development and adjustment of labor legislation.Raises questions concerning the regulation of the labor market.Actively involved in the formation of social policy.The efficiency of trade union activities directly related to the decrease in the level of social tension in the country, with the adaptation of workers to the changing conditions of the economy.A democratic society is based not only on the political parties, but also on the social structures, which include trade union organizations.Reports sociologists studying social processes, show that, despite certain immaturity and weakness, the unions successfully cope with their tasks.
