terrible, unexpected and brutal war, called the Great Patriotic War broke virtually every home, every family.Men and women, without a shadow of doubt went to the front, taking numerous ranks of the regular army of the Soviet state.But in addition to the victory of the Red Army, often at the cost of his life, the guerrillas mined.
guerrilla movement
In the period from 1941 to 1944 by the Nazis in the occupied territory of the Union actively fought the guerrillas and 6,200 units of such compounds.The total number of guerrillas according to various estimates close to one million people.The main objective of the movement was soprotivlencheskogo destruction of the main system, providing the enemy front.The guerrillas destroyed headquarters, warehouses undermined violated rail and road links.In the first year of the war only for winter valiant and courageous partisan detachments were derailed more than two hundred trains, blow up at least six bridges and two thousand cars.
guerrilla movement with every month getting more numerous and stronger.Action coordinated resistance with every step of the regular army, thus repulsed the advancing German invaders increased.The ranks of people joined the resistance of almost all ages, known isolated cases the involvement of children under ten years old.
emergence of medals
exploits and successful resistance to the guerrillas and their invaluable contribution to the common victory, pointed to the need arose to reward particularly distinguished fighters.While there were no specific indications, "Medal partisan Patriotic War" was awarded the local commanders.As a rule, it was home-made items.
But the second in February 1943 the situation changed.Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR issued a decree, which established the medal "Partisan of the Patriotic War", is divided into two levels.
The artist who designed the sketch became Nikolay Moskalev.Next consistently been amended and some changes in June 1943 and February 1947.The first awards ceremony took place in the year of foundation medal eighteenth day of November.
partisan Medal World War 1 degree
medal "Partisan of the Patriotic War" 1st degree was given as an ordinary guerrillas, and the princes who held positions.Also awarded coordinators movement.Encouraging relied for the most special, very important achievements, such as courage, valor and courage.There were heroic deeds, outstanding breakthroughs in the organization of the guerrilla movement, successful operations conducted in the rear of the enemy army.Commissioner Michael Frost detachment received a medal "Partisan of the Patriotic War" 1st degree in the twenty-two years of dedication and devotion to the Motherland.
Among the recipients were a lot of very young guerrillas, are not inferior to adults patriotism and heroism.Utah Bondarovskaya, who fell in the battle of the Estonian farm, Bob Korobko undermines enemy trains and killed by a German bullet, Volodya Treasurers, past the war side by side with the older soldiers, and many others, all still children who have lost their strength and life, worthythis prestigious medal.
Medal for personal achievement
medal "Partisan of the Patriotic War" 2 degrees awarded for personal achievements participants of the partisan resistance.She has been awarded the commanders of units and departments, operations organizers and coordinators of the movement, the simple soldiers, guerrillas, execute certain orders and tasks of the military authorities.Also, awards were given to the second degree in the case of an active and important to promote the fight against the enemy.
Some fighters received the medal "Partisan of the Patriotic War" 1st and 2nd degree at the same time, among them Kondraty Alimpevich Letyagin.From the first days of the war Kondraty Letyagin took part in various battles and one of them fell into Nazi prisoner.But at some point he managed to escape and join the guerrilla unit with which he was able to go through the whole war, repeatedly injured and was subsequently awarded.
Appearance award
Medal has the correct round shape.The diameter is thirty-two centimeters, has a circumferential tape, which four millimeters.On the tape is an inscription indicating who is awarded the medal "Partisan of the Patriotic War."The line is highlighted by two young stars in the lower sector of the circle five-pointed star with a hammer and sickle, located in the middle of the letters "USSR".Also on the right side shows the profile picture of Vladimir Ilyich Lenin, and, at that time chief, Joseph Stalin.On the reverse side the inscription: "For Our Soviet Motherland."
for the distinguishing sign of the first degree was used silver and the medal is attached using ring and ear to Kolodochka pentagonal shape.In the design used moire silk ribbon light green color, having a width of 24 millimeters.According to two-millimeter tape passes a red bar.
award the second degree is made of brass, the longitudinal strip of different blue.
From the history of the awards
significant and large-scale guerrilla victory can be called the operation "Concert".It was carried out with the nineteenth of September to 1 November 1943 and was coordinated with the upcoming Soviet offensive, in which were to be a serious battle for the Dnieper.Participation took Detachment 193, which includes more than one hundred and twenty thousand people.
«concert» captured nearly a thousand kilometers wide and more than seven hundred and fifty kilometers away, disappearing into the depths.It was dealt a powerful blow to the railroad tracks.Ruined appeared about two hundred fifteen thousand rails Exploded seventy two railway bridges, and the number of enemy trains have not reached the destination exceeded a thousand.The German command was discouraged, this operation has caused serious difficulties for the transport of Nazi troops, and very difficult for the German command maneuvers.As a result of the advancing troops of the Red Army was given a huge help.
medal "Partisan of the Great Patriotic War" received more than 127 thousand participants and 248 people were awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union.
