Prototype Calculator - Adding Machine - existed for more than 300 years ago.Nowadays make complex mathematical calculations can be easily, quietly pushing the button of the same calculator or computer, mobile phone, smart phone (on which the corresponding application installed).And earlier this procedure is time consuming and created a lot of inconvenience.Yet the appearance of the first counting device thus saving on the cost of mental work, and pushed for further progress.It is therefore interesting to know who invented the adding machine and when it happened.
appearance of an adding machine
Who invented the first calculating machine?That man was the German scientist Gottfried Leibniz.The great philosopher and mathematician constructed a device consisting of a movable carriage and stepped roller.This invention Leibniz presented to the world in 1673.
His ideas took over a French engineer Thomas Xavier.He invented a calculating machine to perform the four rules of arithmetic.Setting numbers carried zubchatki movement along the axis while the slots appear right number, with each stepped roller matched one digit numbers.Devices are activated by rotating the hand lever which, in turn, moved the gears and pinions, giving the desired result.It was the first adding machine, launched in mass production.
Modifications device
Englishman George. Edmondzon was the one who came up with an adding machine with a circular mechanism (carriage to act at the circle).This unit was created in 1889 on the basis of the unit of Thomas Xavier.However, particularly changes to the design of devices did not happen, and this unit was as cumbersome and uncomfortable, like his predecessors.The same sin and follow counterparts instrument.
well known who invented the adding machine with a numeric keypad.It was the American F. Baldwin.In 1911 he presented a counting device, in which a set of numbers produced by the vertical discharge containing 9 characters.
production in Europe of counting devices established engineer Carl Lindstrom, a more compact size and original design of the device.There have stepped rollers arranged vertically instead of horizontally, and in addition, these elements were arranged in a staggered manner.
on the territory of the Soviet Union, the first adding machine was set up at the factory "Schetmash" them.Dzerzhinsky in Moscow in 1935.It was called the key adding machine (CSM).Their production continued until the beginning of the Second World War and then resumed in the form of new models of semi-automatic machines only in 1961.
In the same years were created and automatic devices, such as "TIM-2" and "Zoemtron-214", have been used in various fields, and the work was characterized by a great noise and inconvenience, but it was the only device on thetime, helping to cope with the large volume of calculations.
Now these devices are considered a rarity, they can be seen only as a museum piece or a collection of ancient art lovers.We have considered the question of who invented the adding machine, and also provided information about the history of technological development this device and hope that this information will be useful to readers.
