Most people who hear the word "philosophy", it seems that it is something far removed from real life, a kind of boring philosophizing.But there is another opinion that says that philosophy is very useful, and it should serve the interests of society, the state, religion, nation and so on.However, a social phenomenon, caters to the needs of politics, economy, society and the state is only a truncated and often distorted part of philosophy, its substitute, bearing the name of ideology.But the basic problem of philosophy do not have anything to do with this - she wrote the classic-modern philosopher Martin Heidegger, it teaches nothing, except that teaches to think his example.
philosophy is an integral part of human culture, as well as science, law, art, ethics.Moreover, many of these forms of social consciousness at the time it grew out of it.First of all, a philosophy born of human attempts to explain and understand the world around us (the spiritual and the practical sense of the word).Experience the history of philosophy, which has nearly three thousand years, as well as relevant trends and discoveries of the twentieth century to isolate the main functions of philosophy.Their essence is that philosophy poses questions and raises issues that span the world as a whole.
Within the framework of philosophical knowledge, these functions are very interconnected and mutually cause each other.When philosophical knowledge is trying to solve the problem of being as such, it forces that he is driven by his spirit and forms the fundamental principles and categories, then it takes the ontological function.Although the term "ontology" was introduced into scientific discourse only in the XVII century, the various embodiments of understanding being developed since antiquity.But the main function of philosophy does not end there.At least, its ontological and cognitive role is inseparable from each other.
philosophy, of course, is not the sum of scientific knowledge as a concrete science.But it raises the question of how theoretically possible, including specific scientific knowledge.Epistemology explores the issues, sources, the possibility of knowledge, the criteria for its credibility and the truth, and raises the issue of unity and diversity of knowledge and understanding.The main functions of philosophy include this essential feature of knowledge, as the science of method.This teaching of the principles of understanding the world and its individual phenomena, as well as methods of identifying patterns.However, some philosophies recognize the intelligibility of the world, while others believe that the methodology does not lead to the truth.
main functions of philosophy are not only to the theoretical understanding and rational spheres of human activity.One of its most important roles is praxeological associated with the analysis of relations between people, society and culture.Developing it was the cause of philosophy, history, religion, aesthetics, ethics, politics, and so on.Mark is also a special feature - the philosophy of values.This theory about the principles that have universal significance.They determine the nature of the various activities of man, as well as criteria to distinguish between good and evil, and to choose between them.Aksiologichesky role of philosophy is that it is studying the human value orientations and ideals, summarizing the spiritual experience of many generations, offering universal and universal values, and warning against neglecting them.
Since all philosophical problems reinterpreted through the prism of human perception, they are inseparable from the system of categories such as faith, love, morality, attitudes to death and so on.Character worldview determined by such categories as life position or installation.
Based on this orientation of the person, can change a look at the essence of man and his spiritual and social nature.So, fatalistic approach sees human as the doomed puppet obedience and voluntarist, on the contrary, says the absolute freedom of the individual.That is why the ideological function of philosophy, too, is of considerable importance.We can say that these basic roles that have crystallized over many years of the history of philosophy, are permanent, "invariant", and provide a key to understanding the different dimensions of philosophical knowledge.
