concept of philosophy originated in ancient times and included theoretical and generalized view of the world ancient Greek scholars.In contrast to the religious thinking characteristic of the ancient and medieval period, for this science is characterized by rational knowledge, relying on practical knowledge and enough accurate scientific evaluation.Philosophical outlook, which in ancient times covered as mathematics, astronomy and astrology, the concepts of physics and chemistry, are those of a single person or a teacher and his followers to the surrounding reality.
Therefore, the concept of philosophy is the combination of different fundamental ideas about the world and man, as well as the relationship between society and nature.These views allow people to navigate the surrounding reality, to motivate their own actions, to take real events and thus guided the cornerstones of values specific to the civilization.
Society : The concept of society in philosophy is an important part of the science, because every human life can not be considered in isolation from society.Ancient scholars in this regard, considered the "community" as the union and cooperation of people coming together in a group consciously and voluntarily.So, each individual Aristotle called "political animal", forced to interact with the state, where relationships are built on the principle of domination and subordination.But Plato was the first philosopher who laid the tendency to totalitarian interpretation of any social system, in which the role of a single person remains minimal.
Other concepts : Basic concepts of philosophy include the category of "world view", the boundaries and possibilities of human knowledge, as well as other issues.Even in ancient times ancient scientists paid special attention to the ontology, which can be considered as a separate doctrine of being.This concept of philosophy in different schools had its own interpretation, in some teachings of his position was based on divine intervention, and other scholars have advanced materialistic ideas.The problems of being, a way of being and the meaning of existence of the world discussing the ancient Greeks, and each of them tried to find evidence base for their own point of view.
Aristotle studied the problem of the appearance of man, searching for the manifestation of divine reason and evidence of higher powers of intervention in the existing reality, it is the question of a world to metaphysics.The ontological aspect studied philosophy and philosophers of modern times, however, the question of the meaning of life is already considered in isolation from the ancient teachings, and representatives of the majority of schools in XVIII-XIX excluded the possibility of the intervention of supernatural forces in the events taking place in the world.
In the XIX century the concept of philosophy is increasingly concentrated on anthropology, since this category while still not a separate science.This aspect is formed by studying the special characteristics of the human being with his needs that require satisfaction.To get what you want, the individual is forced to develop their own abilities that allow him to confidently move to the target.
A German scientist R. Lotze, who lived in the XIX century, among the existing reality as a separate category of human inclinations.At the forefront, he puts the relation of moral and religious values and the real, scientific knowledge and wealth.From these criteria depend on the beliefs and behavior of every individual who is looking for their life goals, and he leans toward the spiritual or material world.
