Objective idealism - it is the direction of philosophical thought, which is considered a fundamental principle of the representatives of the world individual spirituality.Different schools called various reasons formation of life on the planet - the theologians believed in God, Hegel mentions absolute spirit, and Schopenhauer - the world will.The first representatives of this trend were the ancient teachings of Plato and Pythagoras, and in the exercise of their followers there is recognition of the world of matter and the real elements which are subject to specific principles of the ideal.
history
Initially, before the development of philosophical thought in this direction by ancient scholars, objective idealism manifested in the ancient Indian religious art book "Upanishads".It the material world is described as the great Mayan blanket, hiding the reality of the true manifestation of the divine ultimate beginning.The complete expression for the first time this teaching is described in the philosophical works of Plato, and in the Middle Ages replaced idealism comes scholastic realism.In modern times, the issue involved in Hegel, FV Schelling and Leibniz.
Hegel's doctrine
Objective idealism in XVIII-XIX centuries, have differed significantly from the ancient teachings, and a special place in this direction took the philosophy of Hegel.For example, it recognizes the spirit primary, appeared before the emergence of the material world, but do not call him God, and "absolute idea."In the book "Philosophy of Nature" his idealistic views appear quite bright, because the material world is called a secondary, derived from the original spirit and dependent on him.Scientist doing research of public life, which also affects the divine idea, which originated before the appearance of mankind.
Basically, objective idealism of Hegel focuses on the concept of "absolute spirit," which is considered a scientist in the development and movement.Dialectics in the teachings of the philosopher sharply contrasted metaphysics, however, the cornerstone of his teaching are the following three positions.First, he believed that the number of under certain conditions can develop into quality.Secondly, the objective idealism in the works of the scientist regards contradiction as the main source of development.Third, Hegel did not accept the denial as such, and thought that it was impossible to be sure of any exact question.
However, a special place is the universal laws of development, and dialectic phenomena is inherent contradictions, and such a concept in the philosophical science first appeared.Hegel opposed the metaphysicians Absolutized analysis, and suggested the relationship between the concepts themselves.The dialectical method and the metaphysical system of sharply opposed to each other, as a scientist recognizes progress, changes in the objective reality of the world and the movement toward something new.
Doctrine Schelling
objective idealism of Schelling concerning the development of the philosophy of nature, which became an independent subject of the analysis.He concentrated on the detailed study of the dynamic process, since the period of his activity coincided with the era of the most important discoveries in the field of physiology, physics, chemistry and electrodynamics.Objective idealism fully manifest in Schelling's view, because it is spiritualized matter itself.The scientist was not limited to views of the natural development of the world, and was looking at the object being studied real dynamic opposites.Philosopher persuaded that the world can be known through reason, which led to the emergence of a human logical thinking.
