Today there are many different diseases that people face is not too often.But still you need to be aware of them at least a little.It is so, for example, can prevent the occurrence of such problems.That is why in great detail right now want to talk about this disease as parenchymal jaundice.
Terminology
Before you deal with the disease itself, it is necessary to decide on the concepts that will be used extensively in this article.Thus, parenchymal jaundice - a disease, or rather, a particular symptom, which is characterized by jaundice in staining color not only the skin but also the mucous membranes (eyes sclera).There is all this due to the fact that the patient's body gradually begins to accumulate bilirubin (bile pigment is).It is also important to note that this symptom indicates that the patient has liver problems that need to be solved as soon as possible.
interesting that in medicine there is also a false notion of jaundice.In this case, the human body is not accumulated bilirubin, carotene and natural substance, whereby staining of the skin occurs.So, it can happen if too often and in a large number to use carrots, pumpkins, oranges, and beet.A similar problem can arise if the long eaten picric acid, as well as certain other medicated products.
clinical picture
How is this pathology as parenchymal jaundice?The pathogenesis of the disease next.Thus, initially it must be noted that during normal operation, bilirubin, bile pigment, excreted naturally.If there are some problems in the liver, it begins to slowly accumulate in the body, signaling about yellowing of the skin and mucous membranes.Looking through the information that is parenchymal jaundice, it is important to say also that this problem has three main stages of development.
- first stage. In this case, a reduction in the activity of enzymes, membranes damaged hepatocytes, direct bilirubin ceases normally produced.
- the second step disease patients present a problem such as giperfermentiya, hepatocyte membrane permeability increases.The pain in his side appears as a result of compression of the capillaries.
- In the third step of the process is a violation of glucuronidation of bilirubin, liver failure occurs.Also, the urine becomes very bright, constantly felt pain in his side.
worth noting that it is important to begin to deal with parenchymal jaundice at the earliest stages of disease occurrence.Indeed, in this case, deal with the problem can be much easier and faster.If the "tighten" the beginning of the healing process to the third stage, the cure for this disease will be very difficult.
causes of problems
Why parenchymal jaundice may appear, what are the main reasons for its occurrence?
- First of all it should be noted that the main problem in this case are the infectious agents: are viruses, bacteria, toxins.Most often, in this case we are talking about such diseases as malaria, syphilis, toxoplasmosis, and others.
- defeat gepatotsidov poisons both organic and inorganic.The toxic poisoning of the body can occur due to consumption of poisonous mushrooms, low-quality alcohol, after taking arsenic or snake bite.
- cause of the problem may also receive certain of drugs, which have hepatotoxic effects.In such a case it is often of such a preparation as "Paracetamol" or antibiotics.
Heredity
examining the causes parenchymal jaundice, you should also say more about what this disease is also a hereditary factor.That is, it can be transmitted on a sort from one family member to another.
- may not be enough ligandinov special proteins that are placed on the surface of the liver.
- reason may become a hereditary deficiency of a particular enzyme, called UDP-glucuronyl.
- Hereditary is the Wilson's disease, when there is an accumulation in the hepatocytes of copper, because of this genetic defect is disrupted functionality of the body.
main symptoms
considering such diseases as parenchymal jaundice symptoms - that's what also needs to be told.So, what have manifestations of the disease?
- primarily on this issue shows the yellowing of the skin and mucous membranes, mainly sclera eyes.
- Also, the patient may have a mild itching.
- Sometimes headache, fever, headache.
- Often patients complain of loss of appetite, resulting in a loss of body weight.
- Also, there are muscle pain and weakness.
Performance tests also vary.
- Cal becomes a light, slightly stained.All is due to the loss of stercobilin, another gall pigment.
- urine also changes color.It may become as too light or too dark.
- in the blood of patients increases the content of direct and indirect bilirubin.
Diagnostics
As can be understood that a person is parenchymal jaundice?Diagnostics - that tells of the existence of this disease.To do this:
- Carry out a general analysis of urine, feces and blood.
- rank overall clinical picture.
- Biochemical analysis of blood.
- can be assigned certain instrumental studies.
Clinical analyzes
If the patient was taken fecal and urine, in this case, the disease indices of bilirubin and urobilin substantially increased, and the number stercobilin falls, which causes weak coloring human excrement.
also need blood tests.In such a case, it may be observed anemia and leukocytosis.If the patient has parenchymal jaundice, blood biochemistry - that is also important.Here indicators linked and unbound bilirubin and urobilin will be raised.
In some cases, the patient will appoint and other additional studies.This can be:
- Determination of folic acid and vitamin B12 in the blood.
- Determination of tumor markers.
- Coprogram: Analysis for parasites and worms.
instrumental studies
skilled artisan can without any problems to distinguish parenchymal jaundice syndrome from high-grade disease.However, in some cases, even the most eminent luminaries of medicine to confirm the diagnosis requires additional instrumental examinations.In this case, the patient can be assigned:
- Radiography .Identifying problems with the stomach, esophagus and intestine.
- Cholecystography .It is necessary to understand whether there are stones in the gallbladder.
- ultrasound can provide information about the state of the liver and other vital organs.
- CT or MRI .
Very rarely patients also prescribe a liver biopsy.
Treatment should be noted that this pathology has several ways of disposal.It all depends on the degree of neglect of the underlying disease.Most often, doctors prescribe drugs that remove excess bilirubin from the body.However, medical treatment does not always help.In this case, the doctor may prescribe a procedure such as phototherapy.And all because the ultraviolet light is able to quickly break the bilirubin molecule, and help eliminate them as soon as possible.In this disease it is also important to take complex vitamins, especially B and C, lipoic acid and amino acids.
Prevention and complications
Since parenchymal jaundice - a symptom that occurs on a background of other diseases (viral hepatitis B and C, bladder stones, etc.), it is important to start on time to get rid of these diseases.After all, we must remember that if time does not provide patient care, this may result in certain complications.Namely, the patient may permanently disrupt the liver and gall bladder.This increased concentration of bilirubin causes intoxication, which is extremely negative impact on the work of all its organs and systems.
