Education in Russia is regulated by the Federal Law "On education", adopted in January 1996.According to this legal act, the education system includes various municipal, state and private institutions - preschool, general education, institutions of further education, professional, etc.
Currently, the following types of education in Russia: elementary, secondary, vocational and higher professional education.
The structure of the pre-school education includes a large number of institutions with a large autonomy in the selection of training programs, the main directions of the educational process, performing a variety of functions.These include ordinary kindergartens, nurseries intended for pupils with deviations in mental and physical development, child development centers, health centers, etc.
main and most important part of a general education or school.This includes secondary schools, lyceums, gymnasiums, schools with in-depth study of languages, evening schools, high schools, boarding schools, is designed not only for training but also for accommodation of students, special schools, schools for the education of children who are lagging behind in mental and psychological development,music and art schools.
to average special educational institutions are, as a rule, the various schools that prepare graduates working skills (mechanics, welders) and colleges (technical).Higher vocational education received by graduates of academies, universities and institutes.And it often happens that one educational institution is part of the other.For example, as part of the University Institute.
Modern types of education went to our country as a legacy of the pre-existing Soviet Union.The system of education and upbringing of children in institutions tsarist and then imperial times significantly different from ours.With the collapse of the Soviet Union the Russian youth got an opportunity to study in almost every country of the world, whereas a few decades ago it was available only to a few, especially the children of privileged officials.Nowadays, in theory, a business education abroad can get anyone, unfortunately, in practice it is much sadder.Education in universities in Europe is too expensive for the average citizen of Russia.
education system in the US is significantly different from ours.It has a centralized structure, so each state is entitled to regulate the educational process in its territory at their own discretion.
So, types of education in the United States:
Nursery.This institution is not required to attend.It is designed for children 3-4 years and involves teaching the child basic knowledge - right speech, writing, arithmetic, drawing.
Kindergarten.In the US, kindergartens, or as they are also called - preparatory classes are part of the primary school.Their visit is compulsory for all children 5-6 years of age.
Elementary School.At the end of the institution child receives elementary or primary education.The learning process lasts 5 years.The initial American school has some peculiarities.So, throughout the 5 years of educating children is involved, as a rule, one qualified teacher.The composition of classrooms reshape every year out of the total number of students.
High School, which is attended by children of 11-14 years, involves the study of many new objects, each of which teaches the individual teacher.A necessary component of the program is the training of high school sports training.
Graduate School involves training of adolescents 14-18 years.At the end of her secondary education graduate receives sufficient to start work.
These types of education, as a professional, higher education (bachelor degree), post-graduate and doctorate can be viewed as a distinct stage of education.Getting them is necessary for those wishing to link their lives with the law, medicine, science.
At first glance it may seem that in the United States are different types of education the greatest diversity.Although in reality the only difference is a weighty name of the institution.So, it is easy to draw a parallel between the Russian and American kindergarten nurseries, US higher education (bachelor degree) and incomplete higher education Russian.
