To address the issue of resources, political scientists often.They do this in order to understand the nature of the impact of power sources of power relations and resources are used to achieve the goal.Since power is already, by definition, is the ability of the individual to exercise his own will against the wishes of others, and its implementation requires special tools and techniques.They need it to work on employees, achieving their goals.In political theory can be divided means of influencing the potential and actual.Power resources - this means potential, so as they can be used, but is currently not used.A real money, or power base - this means that power is applied in a given period of time.Of course, this classification is rather conditional, because there is no clear boundary separating the two types of sources.
Since the resources of political power is very diverse, there is a question about the efficacy and limits of their application in certain situations.From this comes the need to create a typology of sources reign.
resources Political authorities are classified according to different criteria.Initial typology (eg Plato) were rather speculative.
first serious power resources classified in the works of Machiavelli, "Reflections on the first decade of Livy" and "The Emperor."The classification is based on the definition of the motives of human behavior.Machiavelli believed that only two of them - fear and love.And fear inspiring and beloved can operate with equal ease.Different way, both the motive effects.So, if love keeps on gratitude, which is not heavy to destroy evil and selfish man, the fear is characterized by hardness and strength.Machiavelli was also confident in the fact that the resource terror acts in different ways.For example, people can more or less easy to reconcile with the loss of freedom, honor, power, but will never reconcile with the loss of property.Furthermore, Machiavelli recognized the power of such resources as human passions and vices (fearfulness, greed, deceit).
later date classification is also taken as a basis anthropological principle.At the same time added to the fear of conviction and interest.Resource conviction can be successfully applied in totalitarian and democratic society.In the first case, this is done by means of indoctrination of citizens and permanent control of information leaking to the masses.In a democratic society, its use is based on an independent and voluntary choice of the individual political values and preferences.
But the resource of interest is at the heart of relations between the authorities and the individual in a democratic system.Voters tend to choose those politicians who can satisfy their material interests.That is to say that the policy of buying votes of their fellow citizens.
Resources authorities also differ in the cycle of action and efficiency.In their use necessarily affect such factors as the type of regime.For example, the resources of fear and persuasion naturally complement each other in a totalitarian system.
spheres of influence, by the nature of the impact of different regulatory, enforcement and utilitarian power resources.In the first case, changing the rules and norms of interaction between citizens, the government thus affects their perception of the world and behavior.
Using utilitarian resources, power affects the human condition.It meets the daily needs of people, for example, improving the conditions in which they are forced to work, raising wages or social benefits.
Forced resources (loss of property, the fear of violence, fear for their lives, the threat of dismissal, and others.) Are associated with the threat of force.
