Bang - This is a form of collective investment funds with subsequent profit.Cash many contributors add up to a single fund, and they acquired some of the assets.They are the bonds, depersonalized metal accounts, stocks, deposits, real estate, that is the standard set of gentlemen's financial instruments permitted by law.Employees Activities Fund aims to maximize profits with the help of funds received under the control of, that increased the fund's assets and shareholders can get the location of their profits.
Pros mutual fund
start-up capital may be small.Some funds are willing to accept the contribution of one thousand rubles.Independently explore the market is not necessary.This is made by specially trained people working in the fund.
How it works
not any organization, and especially individual can create the PIF.This type of activity related to licensing.Licenses are issued by the Federal Service responsible for the control of the financial markets of the Russian Federation.The body as the licenses issued, as well as monitors the follow-up of the mutual fund.Checking passes over three years at least once.That is why the Fund should conduct all transactions correctly and work within the law.
Once licensed, the fund may start to attract investors (shareholders).It can be both citizens and organizations.Each person can buy shares at a certain amount of money and this amount goes to the managers.Fund money investors can buy securities that are in free float, making such transactions, profits, which leads to an increase in the value of the fund's assets, and therefore increases the value of shares.
Pai - what is it?
investment unit - a registered security, which records the fact of investing in the Fund an investor a certain amount of funds.In other words, an investor records its own way to a share of mutual fund assets.To document the ownership is made by writing to the depositor's account, which is open in the register of the mutual fund.Number of shares, which will hold an investor is likely to be a fractional number.
Change the value of the unit
value of the units, as well as the value of any other asset that is subject to investment risks.The nominal share price has not, but at certain intervals, the computation of its estimated value.For example, mutual funds unit price is calculated every business day (weekends and holidays the price is equal to the price of the last working day).
Interval UIF does on the last day of the interval (a period when you can pay and acquire shares) and the last working day of the month.Closed mutual funds calculate the cost of the last working day of the month and day of walking the last day of submission of applications for the purchase of additional shares.All transactions on purchase / sale of shares of the fund are made on the basis of their prices on the last day to accept applications.
calculated value of the units is simple: the price of the mutual fund's net asset value (NAV) divided by the number of shares.Information about them can be viewed in the register of depositors fund.The net assets of the mutual fund are determined by deducting the amount of liabilities of the Fund's assets (funds held in deposits Fund and its accounts).
guarantee profitability
guaranteed income mutual funds, like other financial instruments available.All defines the value of the supply and demand for stock assets.And units of investment funds can not provide a guaranteed return.Moreover, information about the PIF can not be said about the guarantees on the profitability at the operating company in the future.This is detailed in Article 51 of the Federal Law "On Investment Funds".However, the future investor must realize that guarantee profits may only low-yielding instruments such as bank deposits and bonds.Just be to minimize the risks at the stage of the selection, and then mutual funds would help to increase the profitability of funds.
How is the income of the fund
If the investor decided to invest in a fund of one hundred thousand rubles, and the cost of one unit was at this point four thousand rubles, he will be able to purchase twenty-five units.For example, after some time, the fund's assets rose, and the cost per unit became equal to six thousand rubles.The cost of all the shares acquired by the investor, then began to make a hundred and fifty thousand.So he was able to earn fifty thousand rubles excluding commissions and taxes.So each of the shareholders can receive their income from the shares of mutual funds.
rules of successful investing
The essence of the rule is simple.Investing should be in the long term.Mutual Fund - a tool for long-term investment (two years).Therefore, all the invested funds must lie quietly next two to three years and generate profits.Such investment is good because it is not influenced by short-term fluctuations, which is so prone to stock market.This provides a higher level of profitability.
It also follows the second rule: should be free to invest funds not needed in the near future.Short-term investments are possible, perhaps even at a profit.But this approach does not guarantee income from mutual fund investments in each.Invest mutual funds should be reliable, reviews and ratings are talking about the possibility of profit.
rating mutual funds
Get information on the performance of the Fund or any other snap.It is in the public domain.But when it studies should take into account a number of points.
- What rating management company by assets under management in the last year?Two years?Three?By studying ratings of mutual funds, it should be understood that the investor invests money in the long-term, and it is on the ability of the management company to manage the resources of investors will depend on the security of investments and successful investing.What rating
- management company on the net asset value?This value indicates how much of the funds of the participants fund is managed by the CC this.And the higher it is, the higher the popularity of the management company and, consequently, greater confidence in it.
- What rating mutual funds by assets under management?Better check the figure for the year and three years.
- What rating mutual fund net asset value?What rating
- yield mutual fund?It is this ranking attracts investors in the first place.This figure ranks highest yield funds, which they were able to achieve for some period of time.For example, the management of mutual funds Sberbank has meant that the fund "Sberbank - the global Internet," issued profitability for the year 49.91%.
How to buy shares?
There's nothing complicated.It is enough to be in the office of the management company or refer to its intermediary.The role of the mediator is often played by investment firms or banks.There will be asked to fill and sign the following documents:
- Statement to open a personal account.When the management company a few, and the investor decided to make investments in one fund is not this company, then the account must be opened for each contribution.
- registration forms.
- Application for purchase of investment units.
All documents drawn up and signed in triplicate, and when dealing with an intermediary - in four.With the papers, of course, there's little hassle.After a couple of days from the management company will order the acquisition of shares with all the details.
selling shares
This action is similar to buying.You also need to visit the office of the management company, and to write a letter, in this case to pay.Typically, the documents need only a passport, but there are necessary details on the number of units held by the investor account number.Therefore it is better to go with a full package of documents.
It is worth remembering that the sale and purchase in different mutual funds are carried out in different ways, or rather, at different times.Public funds, most of which allow the investor to carry out the sale of any of the days, interval - the time interval of the opening of closed - when forming a mutual investment fund or placed additional shares.But there can be exceptions.
transactions of sale and purchase of shares via a broker
have transactions in shares through a broker has its advantages.
- Buying units of closed and interval funds will be available on any day when the working market.
- possible to avoid extra charges for the purchase and sale of shares at discounts.
- Speed of the application of the investor.
- not need to travel to the office of the management company.
However, there are also disadvantages.Not every mutual fund exposes their shares on the stock exchange."ICB", "Metropol", "Interfin Capital", "Uralsib" - an example of management companies represented on the stock exchange."Sberbank Asset Management," mutual funds which are presented on the stock exchange, is also one of the largest management companies.Such shares are not the highest liquidity and spread because to be high.Instead, premiums and discounts will exchange commission and the broker (although they are lower in several times), and the board, though not always, depositary services.
PIF.Banks
Many banks are practicing service "UIF contribution plus."Thus, the depositor when placing their funds are often placed at interest as a deposit, and the rest are purchased shares of mutual funds managed by the Criminal Code of the same bank.Is this good, bad whether, depends on the work of the management company.After all, when it is a good return on the activities of the units will exceed the interest on deposits, which, of course, the investor will bring joy.Otherwise, the investor will regret the lost profits that it can get when posted to all available means in the form of contributions with interest.
Taxation
pay taxes on profits have only upon redemption of units.This is the only payment that you need to "give" a favorite of the tax.Profit calculate simple - the difference between the present value of the shares and the cost of their purchase.Usually, calculation and deduction of tax on individuals - the duty of the management company.This means that the investor does not have to deal with separate tax returns.For residents of the tax will be 13 per cent for non-residents - 30 percent.
expenses shareholder
There are two main types of committees, practiced in mutual funds.
- Commission, increasing the unit price when buying (surcharge when purchasing).It should not exceed one and a half per cent of the estimated cost of one unit.Some management companies and it does not charge.
- Commission, which reduces the value of a share in the sale (sales discounts).It should not exceed three per cent of the estimated cost.
Reward management company, appraiser, auditor, registrar, depositary also refer to the column costs.But they all lie within a few percent and accounted for when calculating the value of the units.
Major players
- Uralsib.Mutual Funds: "The first Uralsib", "Uralsib Perspective investments", "Uralsib eurobonds", "Uralsib financial sector" and others. In recent years, positive feedback about the funds Uralsib left a bit, and all of them are focused on non-core forums.Management Company "Uralsib", mutual funds which initially showed very good performance, is now under heavy criticism from investors.Many investors believe that their own would be able to achieve much better results in profitability.
- mutual funds VTB "VTB - Fund Eurobonds", "VTB - Equity Fund", "VTB - Balanced Fund", "VTB - the MICEX index", "VTB - Fund of Telecommunications" and so forth. The funds VTB different yield, but a lotreceives complaints on customer service.Therefore, considering the mutual funds VTB as an instrument of investment, you have to be ready for this.
- Sberbank main operating company - "Sberbank Asset Management."Mutual Funds: "Sberbank - natural resources", "Sberbank - the financial sector", "Savings Bank - Europe", "Sberbank - America", "Sberbank - the gold" and others. This Criminal Code has established itself as a reliable, which is not surprising.
Some questions on mutual funds
possible donation of shares?Yeah maybe.It is enough to conclude a standard contract giving in ordinary writing.
Can shares be inherited?Yes, they can, in a general manner.The Civil Code of the Russian Federation, describes in detail how to do it.
Conclusion
So UIF - is a great way to invest and grow their money.The main thing - to choose a worthy foundation.When comparing mutual fund and brokerage account as a method of investment novice investor should consider the first option.After all, in addition to the above advantages, there are additional:
- You can invest a small amount of money and take advantage of the most profitable instruments (index portfolio, real estate and other).
- investor, investing in mutual funds, trust management professionals (in this respect similar to the fund trust management).
- While investing in a mutual fund does not allow to use all the features of the securities market itself, but the investor releases its time for other things.And it will agree, too, is a huge plus.
In other words, if investors do not like to deal with all the intricacies of the securities market, and would like to invest, the investment mutual funds - is the tool that will not only maintain but also increase accumulation.
