Northern Fleet was created much later than the Baltic, Black Sea and Pacific Ocean.Meaning polar theater of operations has increased significantly in the early thirties of the XX century.Advances in aviation and shipbuilding allowed to conclude that the protection of priority areas in which to conduct military operations previously been impossible.
USSR People's Commissar of Defense Klim Voroshilov in April 1933 signed an order to move a squadron consisting of destroyers "Kuibyshev" and "Uritsky", two submarines and two patrol in the polar zone.Convoy called EON-1 (special purpose expedition).The ships were the basis formed in Murmansk Flotilla.In August, it began large-scale construction of a new naval base in the Arctic.
In 1935, the North launched a fleet of combat training work.Within a short period, only two years have been committed many long passages, in particular, to the New Earth and the Northern Sea Route, acquired experience ice diving submarines, naval aviation airfields built, organized home and supporting infrastructure.In May 1937, on the basis of the fleet created Northern Fleet.
Thirties began the era of Arctic exploration.Salvation Papanin expedition was made with the active participation of seamen and pilots of Severomorsk.
Northern Fleet took part in the Finnish Winter War.Strategically located the main base has allowed to block the supply of the enemy from the sea.Ports and Petsamo Liinakhamari were occupied by the Soviet seamen.
From June 1941 the value of the Soviet northern ports increased significantly.Arkhangelsk and Murmansk took the aid of allies, their protection has become vital.During the four years of war across the Atlantic took place more than a thousand convoys, each of which is hundreds of miles greeted our ships escorted to the destination port, repulsing the attacks of the German torpedo bombers, submarines and bombers.
Northern Fleet actively resisted the German forces Kriegsmarine.The Nazis lost in the polar latitudes more than six ships and 1,300 aircraft.Heroes submariners Nikolai Lunin, Ivan Kolishkin Israel Fisanovich, Mohammed Gadzhiev and many others have done to win everything they could, donating, if needed, lives.Severomorsk pilots Boris Safonov Ivan Katunin Peter Sgibnev red stars wings covered their undying glory in the Arctic sky.
Since the fifties Northern navy was not only the ocean, but the rocket.The world's first ship ballistic launch was made in 1956 in the White Sea.After three years have adopted Severomorsk submarine K-3 submarine "Leninsky Komsomol".1960 marked the world's first submarine-launched intercontinental ballistic missile.
In 1962 he won the North Pole submarine fleet.Submarine "Leninsky Komsomol" took buoyancy, the body after breaking the ice, and the sailors set at the point with coordinate 90 degrees.w.flags of the USSR and the Navy.
In the second half of the seventies of the XX century in the Northern Fleet aircraft carriers were included.The first was a cruiser "Kiev", in 1991 on combat duty atonement aircraft carrier "Admiral Kuznetsov".
historical realities have shown how perspicacious was created by the Russian Navy, Peter the Great.More than three centuries ago, carrying the first Russian ships in northern waters, he understood the prophetic future of strategic importance in the defense of the North of the country.
Today the area of ​​responsibility of the Russian Northern Fleet - the entire world ocean.Basing in Severomorsk and Severodvinsk opens unlimited possibilities for the operating room.
