climate of the Far East can not fail to surprise with its uniqueness not only the guests of our country, but also of many of its residents, who seemingly could already get used to his inconstancy, temperature changes, the vagaries and unpredictability.
actually talk about this phenomenon can be indefinitely examining regions separately and stopping at each of them in detail, to the smallest detail.
However, the purpose of this article is precisely to describe the climate of the Far East in general, while reaching an overall picture of natural phenomena occurring there.It's no secret that the weather conditions in most cases, are a prerequisite for the formation of a particular flora and fauna, and hence the generally determine this or that economic activity in the region.
What determines weather the Far East?
Geographically, the Far East called the most distant part of the capital of Russia.It consists of Yakutia, Sakhalin, Chukotka, Kamchatka, Amur and Primorye Territory.
You can not talk about what the climate of the Far East, not mentioning the whole range of its geological features.So, about 75% of the territory is above the plateau and low uplands (2000 m).In addition, on the Kamchatka Peninsula has many geysers, more than 150 volcanoes, of which about 30, by the way, is quite active.
Owning this kind of information, it is unlikely someone will be surprised to learn that the Kuril Islands and Kamchatka are dangerous seismic zone of the Russian Federation.
Far East, where the climate is already for several decades is the subject of attention of many scientists, reaching 4,500 thousand. Km of the Pacific Ocean.Here is the line of the collision of the Eurasian and Pacific plates, which contributes to the formation of mountain systems which, by the way, lasts to the present day, sometimes creating significant problems and troubles.
Often the weather conditions in this region are under the influence of processes taking place at the junction of tectonic plates, as well as the interaction of warm and cold air streams.
General characteristics of the observed phenomena
As is known from school geography lessons, the Far East is located north of the Arctic Circle, so the snow cover is not completely disappear even in the summer.
northern part of this area is of particular severity, namely permafrost and tundra.In turn, the southern part is a riot of fir trees and subtropical plants.
It should be noted that the climatic conditions throughout are very different from each other, although one common feature is still there: everywhere there is high humidity.By the way, not everyone knows what a huge influence on the climate of the Far East has the Pacific Ocean.
In general, here is dominated by three climatic zones: temperate, arctic and subarctic.In the summer of much rain falls in the winter snow cover can reach 3 meters in thickness.
Climatic zoning
In general, the climate of the Far East belongs to one of five types:
- weather Chukotka define just two types of climates: arctic and subarctic;
- coast of the Kamchatka Territory and the Magadan region are in the temperate zone;
- Khabarovsk region - in the temperate zone with a sharply continental climate and monsoon types;
- Jewish Autonomous Oblast and Amur Region consists of a zone of monsoon-type climate.
Far East and rainfall air masses
In the cold season in the Far East, the Western Siberian winds bring dry and very cold air at the same time (so-called anticyclones), and in the warm breeze blowing in from the ocean, bringing cyclones, ie,very heavy rains and cloudy weather.
It should be noted that throughout the precipitation is uneven, even in the same province.
Features temperature
Far East, where the climate is very diverse, has a number of characteristics in terms of temperature.
Why?The fact is that as the distance from the shores of the Pacific Ocean deep into the continent during the cold season there is a significant strengthening of frost.But in the warm season, the average temperature of the whole area is not very different, resulting in a climate of mixed forests of the Far East is very similar weather conditions, produced on the coastal territory.
exception, perhaps, is the north of Chukotka, where in July the average temperature can sometimes reach up to -2 ° C.
Almost all the remaining territory of the Far East mean July temperature varies in the range of +10 ... 15 ° C.In the southern part of the region - at + 17 ... + 21 ° C.
climate of the Russian Far East and its impact on local flora and fauna
The diversity of vegetation of the region - a direct consequence of the presence of a difficult relief and closed basins, as well as the impact of air masses of different temperatures.
In general, flora is represented by different species of plants, characteristic for frozen Siberia, as well as for the sultry and sweltering Asia.How does it manifest itself?Judge for yourself, is not surprising when very close to trees, pine trees and vines grow nuts, lemongrass and grapes?
impossible not to draw attention to the fact that the climate of the Far East led to the presence of many species of animals, the most common of which are considered to be reindeer, squirrels and moose, which, incidentally, perfectly co-exist with the Amur tiger, rare todayday black deer and raccoon dogs.
Economic activity in the region
favorable climate the Russian Far East was the reason for the intensive development of agriculture and industry.
For example, in the center and south of potatoes, rice, soybeans, wheat, beans and various vegetables.There is also development of horticulture.North focuses mainly on fur harvesting, and the coast is dominated by fishing.
on the territory of the Far East also found a variety of valuable minerals: iron and non-ferrous ore, graphite, copper, gold, natural gas, oil and so forth.
