"East - a delicate matter ..." Who does not know the famous phrase from the movie, has long been the proverbial?Eastern philosophy is thin and at the same time versatile.It is based on the direction of thinking, born just two cultures: Chinese and Indian.It is named Ancient.But she is so expanded the space and the time frame that is of great interest today.
Eastern philosophy - not a set of dogmas and not a historical monument, it is impossible transformation.This is - an appeal to the essence of man.By its original essence.Man remains unsolved, not only for others but sometimes even for myself, being unable to comprehend their own inner world.Maturing question: why, knowing so many ways to solve the problems, we want to know how to explain the phenomenon of man is Eastern philosophy?Exoticism entails?Maybe.We are exposed to one degree or another Eurocentric influence, we will always wonder how much richer eastern unity of social and natural processes, how great versatility and physical, intellectual and human capabilities.
What are these features of Eastern philosophy?In the synthesis of mythological, rational and religious teachings.Here are intertwined the teachings of Confucius and Buddha, the Vedas, "Avesta".This holistic vision of human rights.Eastern philosophy is considering both the world and the man himself, as a creation of the gods.There traced hylozoism, animism and anthropomorphism associativity.Everything is animated, spiritualized.Natural phenomena are likened to a man, the man - world.
relationship of primitive man and nature evokes a feeling of inseparable: in the images of the gods personified the forces of nature (man, experiencing the power of the gods, was powerless to oppose them), the gods and the people like a common life, with common features and common defects.In addition, the all-powerful gods, they are like people, capricious, vindictive, malicious, and so loved-At the same time the characters of myths are endowed with fantastic abilities to overcome the evil in the way to the triumph of justice.
Chaos gradually organize and universe was ascribed to "the first man": tysyacheglavomu, tysyacheglazomu, tysyachenogomu Purusha, whose mind spawned the moon, mouth - the fire, the eyes - the sun, wind - the wind.
Purusha - and the embodiment of the cosmos and the human community with the most that neither is an early hierarchy (namely social), manifested in the division on the "caste": the Brahmins (or priests) - from the mouth of Purusha, out of his hand appeared Kshatriya (caste of warriors), from the hips - Vaishya (merchants), and the rest (Sudras) - from the feet.
Chinese myths explain the universe in this way, only the name of Superman in them - Pangu.Sigh born of its wind with clouds, his head was born the thunder, the sun came out from the eyes to the moon, 4 corners of the earth descended from the hands and feet of the river - from the blood, dew and rain - out of a sweat, lightning began to sparkle in her eyes ...
Tryingrationally understand the cause of the world in its various manifestations, variability and constancy, a person had to see her, he designed the place.Feeling remained in close connection with the cosmos, but there are thoughts about a certain absolute, of the existence of root causes of the primordial being.Human connection with the Absolute is already beginning to take shape on the two models, which both reflects and warehouse Eastern peoples and their social order.The two pillars contains: a centralized despotism (it is based on public realm water and land) and rural communities.In the minds of refracted absolutely unlimited power of the monarch of the East (the omnipotence of a single, with the attributes of the main deity).
One in China - a "great start", which is able to bring forth, to endow, to kill a man is deified now Sky (or "Tian").The "canon of poetry" ("Classic of Poetry") is a universal ancestor of the sky.The "canon" highlights the social fabric, they need to support and maintain.Somewhat later folded and idea of perfection of man, where the first place are humane and etiquette (some enduring values - kindness, courage, moral imperative, "what should not do to me, I will not do another" virtue, strict subordination to the establishedsocial roles: the Emperor should remain sovereign, son - a son and his father - the father).
ideological foundation of Chinese society, Confucianism was specified in the cornerstones of social organization rules, regulations, ceremonial.In the canonical treatise "Li Tzu" Confucius said: "No Lie order can not be, and therefore can not be in the state and prosperity. Would it not be - will not be differences between subjects and sovereign, Nizami and horseback, the elderly and youth.Lee - the things in the established order. "
A similar picture emerges in India.Here Brahma forms the unreal and the real, and determines the names of karma, giving a special position.He also established the caste division demanding unconditional compliance.There tops - Brahmins (or priests) and serving them is encouraged and valued as the "ultimate business" Sudras (commoners).
Indian reality - in the "circle of the earth", which is determined by the human life is so tough that some hope for relief from suffering in the event of faults not leave.The only way - to break "Samsara" (chain of rebirths).
By the way, here lies the source of the mystical and the search path of austerity that offered in the "Bhagavad Gita" is a bright and highly deployed in Buddhism: "Only not tied thoughts, self defeating, without the remaining desires and detached man reaches perfection ..."
Featuresphilosophy of the ancient East will reopen the minds of many, even many generations ...
