In today's world there is not a single self-sufficient state.Doubtful except perhaps that can serve as a very limited system like North Korea.However, the more they confirm the ineffectiveness of the complete self-sufficiency.No country, even the most advanced, is not able to provide a completely self-sufficient conditions for effective reproduction of all goods and services for its citizens and the state needs.In this respect, the international division of labor - it is certainly a progressive and useful phenomenon.Essentially, it is a specialization on a global scale.The international division of labor - a concept that modern experts use in two ways.Firstly, it directly in a variety of specialized production of goods of certain species, for which the creation of country-specific conditions are advantageous in comparison with other countries: cheap labor, raw materials, fertile soil, infrastructure, engineering enterprises and so on.Secondly, the international division of labor - it is a way of self-organization of the world economy, which is characterized by specialization of the various countries on the creation of specific goods and services.After that there is a mass exchange between them.
history and the current state of
development of the international division of labor occurred throughout human history.In a fast or slow pace.Actually, this process was always closely linked to globalization.Swimming Phoenicians, Greeks, ancient trade, the conquest of the Roman Empire, the caravan routes of the Middle Ages, the great geographical discoveries - all these steps and stages of the subject matter of this article.Any export or import of goods presupposes international division of labor.Countries have long traded within Europe and beyond.However, the particularly intense this process began to develop in modern times.Furthermore, with increasing speed.If you have previously played a major role specific geographic and climatic conditions: weather, natural resources, population, territorial size, the location on the map - now the scientific and technological progress has reduced the importance of these factors.Development of transport links and many other features that became available today, was taken completely different factors to the fore.The international division of labor - in the modern world is the result of the following features:
- prevalence of intensive type of economic growth;
- the emergence of new industries;
- reducing the production cycle;
- expansion of services: banking, insurance, tourism, transportation and other (this factor was particularly important in the information society).
also changed the very nature of society.Important socio-economic factors are the following:
- way of organizing production in the country;
- mechanism of organization of state of foreign economic relations;
- levels of prosperity in the country: economic, social, educational, scientific and technological.
