Perhaps there is no person who would not have been known to involuntary muscle contractions that occur suddenly as the attack, and often continuing for long.But there are people who have become a regular phenomenon, lasting a long time and a lot of the problems reflected in the performance, and even personal life.From then get cramps as they are classified and what funds will help to deal with them, and we describe later in this article.As
classified cramps?
Depending on the nature of involuntary muscle contractions are divided into clonic, tonic and clonic-tonic.Tonic - a reduction, forcing a limb to stiffen in flexion or extension.A clonic seizures are characterized by a rapid succession of contraction and relaxation of muscles, resulting in stereotyped movements (twitching), with different amplitude.Accordingly, clonic-tonic - clonic phase shift and tonic contractions.
Depending on the prevalence of convulsive manifestations, they are divided:
1) to the localized (one muscle or group) - resulting in focal stimulation of the motor areas of the cerebral cortex, innervate any limb, face, etc.;
2) generalized (whole body cramps) - once they capture all of the muscles, usually accompanied by disabling of consciousness and may be the final stage of seizures of any type.
Depending on the etiology of seizures muscle contraction can vary in shape, flow and frequency.Different also are the state and especially after the attack, and laboratory data.
Causes seizures
From what are seizures, set in some cases, not so easy, because the cause of their occurrence may be poisoning, disorders of the nervous system, metabolism, the cardiovascular system, the brain and the endocrine glands.And some patients with involuntary muscle contractions caused or amplified and the effect of external stimuli, such as a sudden loud sound, the injection needle, a bright flashing light, etc.or deep breathing and being in a stuffy room.
same shape seizures may occur in different diseases and symptoms turn out to be serious pathologies.Therefore, when they occur you must consult your doctor immediately.
Convulsions in the child: the reasons
Children described contraction of the muscles occur more frequently than in adults.This is due to the imperfection of the nervous system of the child and the structural features of the brain: its cells are easily excited and inhibitory processes in this still unstable and immature.
provoke convulsions in children can asphyxia, birth trauma, the presence of diabetes mellitus in nursing mothers, encephalopathy, as well as infectious diseases of the nervous system.
but caused convulsions in the child's reasons are not necessarily pathologies of the nervous system or brain.This may be a lack of calcium in the body or problems with muscles.Often these attacks in children are caused by high temperature, the reaction to the vaccine (usually talking about DTP), or emotional-mental disorders.
Features seizures in epilepsy
But the underlying disease, which recall in the first place, speaking of the seizures is epilepsy.The reason for any form of seizures when the disease is abnormal, very high activity of electrical impulses between neurons in the brain.
Most often accompany epilepsy generalized tonic-clonic seizures.They attack the patient usually has a presentiment of using so-called aura - the state before the attack.It is characterized by a heightened perception of sounds, smells, feelings of fear, anxiety, unusual taste in your mouth.
After that, as a rule, the patient loses consciousness, sometimes managing to publish quite a loud cry or sound like a howl.After that, all his muscles there is a strong tonic tension, jaw shrink, difficulty breathing heavily, his face turns blue and starts jerking.Here on the lips of the patient there is foam, and can occur involuntary urination.
After a while, breathing is restored, the person receives a normal color, convulsive tremors have become increasingly rare, and gradually disappear.A seizure lasts no more than 3 minutes.After the termination of seizures may twilight state of consciousness.Then usually comes sleep.Waking up, the patient does not remember anything.
Seizures that occur as a result of metabolic
But tonic convulsions may provoke other states in which the work of the brain is toxic effect.For example, increasing temperature, reducing the amount of calcium ions in the blood, a drop in her blood sugar, insufficient supply of oxygen to the brain.
Convulsions at high temperature causes loss of fluid and electrolytes (as sodium chloride), due to increased sweating and insufficient drinking.And the amount of calcium in the blood can be reduced by the removal of the parathyroid gland, and it is evident in muscle cramps leg (calf) or hands.By the way, its level is reduced also because of malabsorption of the substances in the intestine caused by kidney disease.
common cause of seizures is due to intoxication poisoning caffeine, salt of oxalic acid, morphine, cocaine, fluorine, atropine, mushrooms.
What if leg cramps?
Of course, if you have a regular tonic convulsions, you should always consult a doctor for a complete examination and determine their causes.Short cramps can also try to remove on their own.
So, if this unpleasant phenomenon bothers your lower extremities, you need:
- pull the sock over the straight leg;
- put your feet on the cold floor, and walk barefoot;
- pound leg warming ointment;
- do self-massage of the feet - from the toes to the heel, or caviar - from the heels up to the knee;
- if there are no contraindications, take the tablets "Aspirin" (they will improve blood circulation in the vessels of the legs).
will help in this case and homemade ointment from seizures.It is made of two parts. L.mustard and 1 hour. L.olive oil.This gruel plaster suffering muscle, and relief comes almost immediately.
cramps in his hands - a problem that can be combated
hand cramps can be attributed to occupational health problems, as they most often affects office workers spend a lot of time on the computer, musicians, tailors, athletes and others. But the doctors calland other reasons that can cause them:
- stress,
- circulatory disorders of the upper extremities as a result of degenerative disc disease, or problems with the cardiovascular system,
- hypothermia hand skin,
- food poisoning or alcohol,
- and addictioncoffee.
hand cramps usually concerned in one hand, so if they appear healthy massage spastic hand.Spread your fingers, starting from the base, compress and unclench his fist vigorously rotate the brush, tighten and relax your fingers.
Those with muscle spasms appear periodically, doctors advised to drink chamomile tea or lime, their ability to relax, or within 2 weeks of twice daily wipe exposed convulsions place lemon juice.If the problem began to occur frequently, please contact a specialist to determine the real causes of the problem and selection of drugs.
more dangerous convulsive muscle contractions?
It is clear from all the above, and clonic and tonic convulsions may be associated with serious problems in the functioning of the brain or endocrine disorders.In addition, during these spasms in the brain produced a huge shortage of oxygen, which, of course, can not affect the metabolic processes.Children suffering from this intelligence, personality changes occur, observed lag in physical development.No less dangerous is the state, and for adults.
In severe cases, seizures may be the cause of respiratory arrest and even death of the patient.Therefore, they can not ignore or try to rid yourself, this condition requires an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment.
muscle cramps: treatment
treat seizures involves the fight against the main reason that caused them.So, when they used drugs neurogenic nature, eliminating vegetative dysfunction - a sedative, tranquilizing and Wegetotropona action ("Medazepam", "Bellataminal", "Sibazon", etc.).When a hysterical form of convulsive seizure conducted psychotherapy and apply tools that eliminate anxiety ("frenolona", "Phenazepam" and others.) Or depression ("Aminotriptilin", "Azafen", etc.).
In epilepsy patient is prescribed to keep taking the pill from cramps, increases the braking neurotransmitters, "finlepsin", "carbamazepine", "Benzonal" et al., As well as dehydration drugs ("furasemid").
Local seizures are treated as exposure to the underlying problem - the elimination of areas of muscle hypertonus using novocaine blockades and physiotherapy.
few tips last
Recurrent tonic convulsions - a symptom that requires mandatory reference to the doctor, but to what exactly, try to identify themselves.
- If you have a history of atherosclerosis, low back pain and similar diseases, contact your neurologist.
- If you have vascular disease of the legs (varicose veins, venous insufficiency), you have to help a vascular surgeon or phlebologist.
- Turn in electrolytes and blood sugar, it helps eliminate the presence of metabolic reasons for muscle spasms.
- And in the absence of explicit reasons to refer to an endocrinologist and a neurologist for examination.
