Yekaterinburg famous throughout the world as the city in which the Bolsheviks mercilessly shot the family of Emperor Nicholas II.The place of imprisonment and execution of the last monarch, his wife and children was selected Ipatiev house.The address to which it was located (Voznesensky Prospect, 49/9), today remembered by many locals, but to tell you how the building looked, could not all.This is not surprising, because the house in which spent the rest of his life the royal family, was demolished in 1977.Today about it resemble only old photographs and rare artifacts in museums in Yekaterinburg.
strange coincidence
studying the history of the Russian royal family, you will notice an interesting fact.Tsar Mikhail Fedorovich, who became the founder of the Romanov dynasty, was proclaimed ruler of Russia in March 1613 after a ceremony conducted in the Ipatiev Monastery near Kostroma.But what will be written on, causing many puzzling.The last representative of the same kind of royal Nicholas II, along with his entire family in July 1918 was assassinated in Ipatiev House in Yekaterinburg.After that, the Romanov dynasty ceased to exist.
Why Ipatiev house?
the same name of the monastery, which was blessed in the reign of Mikhail Fedorovich, and the house where the shot Nicholas II and his family, in Soviet times was considered a mere coincidence.But is this really so?Modern historians believe that the house Ipatiev Nicholas Bolsheviks have chosen as the place of execution without reason, and given proof of his theory of strong arguments.
After the abdication in March 1917 from the throne of the last Russian emperor and his family was exiled to Tobolsk.Nothing prevented the Bolsheviks hated them deal with the monarch in this Siberian city, but for some reason they took him to Ekaterinburg.Despite the large number of buildings, for the penalty was elected no noticeable engineer Ipatiev house.Some modern historians believe that the reason for this choice was acquainted with Peter Nicholas Voykova - Commissioner of the Ural Council of the Bolsheviks, were directly involved in organizing the execution of the tsarist family.
In 1913 in Russia was celebrated the 300th anniversary of the Romanov dynasty, and Ipatiev Monastery was one of the main centers of festivities.His name was on everyone's lips, so when the Bolsheviks chose the place of execution of the royal family Ipatiev House in Yekaterinburg, they are likely to do it thoughtfully and deliberately, giving the imminent assassination of a certain symbolism.
first owner of the mansion
unfortunate house was built in the late 80-ies of the XIX century as a mining engineer, a state councilor Ivan Redikortsevym.The venue for their future estates, he chose the western slope of the Ascension hill.The house was built with a view of the terrain.Its eastern side was a one-story.Here is the main entrance to the building, rooms and basement with access leading to the southern facade of the manor.The west side of the house consisted of two floors and a veranda.The width of the building is 18 m, and the length - 31 m. It was built with the latest technology: it had electricity, water, sewerage and telephone.Rooms house looked rich: their walls decorated with stucco and cast iron casting, and in the ceiling has been applied art paintings.
Redikortsevu was not destined to remain long the owner of the mansion.Due to financial problems in 1898, he sold the estate of Gold Sharavevu.After 10 years, the house changed hands again, this time it was a civil engineer Nikolai Ipatiev.His family settled in the rooms on the second floor.The rooms located in the lower part of the building, opened his office Ipatyev contract work.
arrival of the royal family to the estate
By order of the Ural Council in April 1918, Ipatiev House was requisitioned.The Bolsheviks gave the owner two days in which to leave the house.Since Nicholas at that time was not in Yekaterinburg, his personal belongings were demolished in the storage room, located near the basement, where a few months of the Romanovs were shot.After requisitioning the estate was surrounded by a double fence, throughout its territory established guard posts, and placed in front of time.Since then and up to the execution of the king, the Bolsheviks called the estate House Task.
Arrested monarch and his family were brought to the Ipatiev House in Yekaterinburg, the last day of April 1918.Along with them came to the homestead engineer 5 people support personnel: Doctor E. Botkin footman Trupp A maid Demidova, cook Kharitonov VI and his assistant L. Sednёv.Nicholas II and his wife and children were placed in two adjacent rooms, located in the east wing of the building.Immediately below these rooms was the basement.In the dining room the maid lived the Empress, and in the hall - a doctor and a lackey.The building was equipped with several guard posts.To get to the bathroom or the bathroom, prisoners of the House of special purpose it was necessary to pass the guard.
Shooting
Ipatief the estate of the royal family, together with the servants spent the last 78 days of his life.Late in the evening July 16, 1918 Romanovs went to bed as usual at 22.30.At night they were awakened and told to go down to the basement of the Ipatiev House.When all seven members of the Romanov family, and 4 persons servants (assistant chef Sednёva L. was not among them, since it was removed from the house the day before) were in the basement, he read out the verdict and immediately afterwards shot.
subsequent fate House
A few days after the shooting was committed Romanovs in Yekaterinburg entered Whites.House again passed into the possession of Ipatiev, but he lived in it quite a bit and emigrated from the country.After that, the mansion is located the headquarters of the commander of the Siberian Army General Radoly Guides.A year later, the city was again under the control of the Bolsheviks.Ipatiev House became the headquarters of the Red Army.
In subsequent years, the mansion housed various offices.In the years 1927-1938 there was the Museum of the Revolution.His visitors showed not only the areas of the house, and the basement, which was promoted to the shooting of the Romanovs.In the 30's house turned into an anti-religious and cultural-educational museum, then to the Board of atheists, a branch of the Institute of Culture, party archives.During the war in the Ipatiev house were kept evacuated from Leningrad Hermitage exhibition.After the war, it was opened again in the party archive, then the building was given to the Provincial Department of Culture, and has earned a training center here.In one part of the mansion housed the management "Sayuzdruk."In the basement of the house has been equipped with a warehouse.In 1974, the building became one of the historical monuments of nationwide importance.
Demolition of
In the mid 70-ies of XX century, the Soviet government strongly concerned about the increased attention of foreigners to the house engineer Ipatiev.In 1978, just two were scheduled around the date of 110 years since the birth of Nicholas Romanov, and 60 years since his assassination.In order to avoid the hype around the house Ipatiev, KGB Chairman Yuri Andropov made a proposal to its demolition.The final decision on the destruction of the mansion took Boris Yeltsin, who was then the post of first secretary of the Sverdlovsk Regional Party.
Ipatiev House, stood for nearly 90 years, was razed to the ground in September 1977.To do this, destroyers took 3 days, a bulldozer and a ball-woman.The pretext for the destruction of the building was the planned reconstruction of the city center.Today, on the spot where once stood the house Ipatiev, towering Temple-on-Blood.Townspeople built it in memory of the murdered emperor and his family.
