"I bring to your attention that the CCM VV Ivanov got in an accident. Upon arrival, traffic police inspector has been drawn up, in which Ivanov said that his wife was in a hurry to the hospital, so his BelAZ speeding in the city center,then paid the fine, wrote an SMS-message to his wife and settled down. "You understand?Most likely, yes, because in this example uses a fairly simple acronym.But they are quite different.
Let's look at this issue, and at the same time and decipher them - in the course of clarification of the rules and varieties of abbreviations.
Abbreviation - what is this?
word comes to us from Italian, it is formed from the Latin brevis - short.That is to say that the abbreviation - a contraction of the word or phrase.People began to shorten words and phrases for a long time.It's so much faster and more convenient to use the language.
No wonder we got "abbreviation" of the Italians, with their temperament once pronounce each word together, especially since it is always found in the same line-up!Abbreviation pronounce an average of five (!) Times faster than the initial expression and written probably 10-15 times faster.
large spread in Russia got abbreviations with the development of the media.It was not even profitable.For example, giving an advertisement in a newspaper or on TV, you pay for each character (letter).In this case, it would be cheaper to advertise a class physiotherapists than medical physical culture.Much cheaper!
Types abbreviations
So there slozhnosokraschёnnye words and initialism.
Slozhnosokraschёnnaya abbreviation - what's that?It is obtained from the addition of the initial syllables in the phrase, and it is also sometimes called - syllable.
can add just the initial syllables in words: the farm - a joint household.
can take one word is only the beginning, and the second - as a whole, as in our example,
hospital - Maternity Hospital.Often there is the same as in the previous example, but it is a noun in an oblique case: company commander - company commander.And you can put the different parts of words, starting and ending, the destroyer - destroyer.
A initialism - what's that?What it is formed by adding the initial letters of words or sounds.They are divided into three types.
- Letter .They formed a reduction from the initial letters are strictly combined, and these letters are read (pronounced) is the alphabet: accident (te-te-pe) - traffic accident.Sometimes reading (pronunciation) of one or more letters of the alphabet may differ from: LFC (E-PE-ka) - therapeutic physical training.
- Sound .They are a combination of the letters read as a single word: the university (not ve-y-ze) - a higher educational institution.
- Alphanumeric sound , respectively, formed by a combination of letters and sounds: the traffic police (gi-blah-de-de) - State Inspection of road safety.
There are mixed abbreviations BelAZ - Belarusian Autoworks.
and tautological, which are resistant expressions, combining the abbreviation and word - SMS-message.
How to decipher the abbreviation
We now know the acronym - it is derived from the reduction of expression of various principles and rules.But abbreviations are divided into even and social use.
They are common, we often know a child of their value, but will not be able to decrypt correctly.But a special abbreviation for - what's this?Such reductions are added in any branch of science, activities, knowledge, they are most often understood only by people directly working here.Individual abbreviation (IA) can be known by a certain number of individuals or present only in one test, while at the beginning there must be a description.
To understand what it means to the abbreviation, you can refer to the directory because they are common and highly specialized, say, a medical reference guide or abbreviations foreign abbreviations.Although sometimes only a personal acquaintance with its creator will learn the true meaning of abbreviations.
