policy of protectionism - a state patronage in the economic sphere.It manifested it guardrail domestic market powers of the emergence of foreign goods on it.The policy also provides for protection and promotion of exports of competitive products on foreign markets.The purpose of this form of state protection is to promote the development of the national economy, protect it from foreign competition by means of non-tariff and tariff regulation.
The increasing globalization of the world makes it necessary to develop an adequate policy of protectionism, thus increasing competitiveness of Russian goods in terms of national and international markets.The manifestation of the political activity of the state in some areas will allow domestic manufacturers to quickly and more effectively adapt to the global economic development in the post-crisis period.
should be noted that in different historical periods of the economic policy of the Russian state and inclined toward free trade and protectionism.Thus making clear some of the extreme forms were not.At the same time completely open economy with unlimited turnover, traffic technology, labor and capital across national borders, is not inherent in any state.
For centuries, political and economic leaders argue about which is better - protectionism, which allows to develop domestic production, or free trade, allowing to compare the costs of international and national industry directly.
International Economics 1950s-60s was characterized by liberalization and commitment to freedom in foreign trade.With the onset of the 1970s marked another trend, which is mainly used protectionism.State apart gradually began retreating, using increasingly sophisticated tariff and especially non-tariff barriers.Thus, exercise protection of its domestic market from foreign competition.
Protectionist policies may be directed to the permanent protection of domestic strategic industries from foreign competition.This, in turn, provides the invulnerability of the country in war.
guard the internal market may be temporary.Typically, this condition applies to the newly created economic sectors.Provisional measures may be taken to achieve the required competitive production areas with similar areas of other countries.
State may apply a policy of protectionism as a response to similar actions in protecting the economy of other countries.
Economic measures the State to protect its domestic market can take several forms:
- sectoral form (done to protect individual industries);
- selective form (to protect against a specific state or goods);
- collective form (protected by several Associated countries);
- a hidden form (not used in the protection of customs methods).
It should be noted that the Russian economy now has low competitiveness in comparison with the economies of other countries.In this regard, it is likely that in the developing world in the global economy of the Russian state can take place, poorly reflecting its true potential, both scientific and technical, and natural resources.Thus it is likely to transform the country into a mere supplier of resources for countries with more developed industrially.However, the development of this process can influence the policy of protectionism in Russia.
