monetary system of the country - it has developed over the historical development of a form of organization of monetary circulation, characterized by certain state and officially enshrined in its legislation.
Over time, monetary system of the country follow one another as in different historical periods money functions in different forms.As a rule, successively replaced by metallic currency system to the monetary system of credit and paper money in which gold from circulation completely displaced.
monetary system states implies a certain currency, the different kinds of money, the price scale, the credit or the state apparatus and the emission of the system.
Currency - is the establishment of the state money, which is expressed in units of all prices for all products.
monetary system Russian Federation at the present stage is characterized by a number of sustainable features, such as the following.First of all, is the lack of gold backing paper and credit money (bank notes exchanged for gold can not be).Today, there is a steady trend towards lending money without bargaining for gold and is reborn in the paper notes.Money in Russia are available not only to the content and lending services, but also to cover government spending.In monetary circulation begins to dominate cashless.The regulation of money in circulation is carried out by state bodies.
monetary system of the Russian Federation is governed by the law of 1992 "On the monetary system of the Russian Federation."According to the document, the country's official currency is the ruble, the fractional part of which acts penny (one hundredth of a ruble).Issue of any other money is not the territory of the Russian Federation is strictly prohibited.
right to issue money and the withdrawal from circulation of bills has only the Central Bank.He also has reserved the exclusive right to set the rate of the ruble against the currencies of different countries.
banknotes in Russia only two - and ruble banknotes.Counterfeit money signs prosecuted.The country has officially authorized the functioning of cash (coins, notes) and non-cash (bank account, on the cards) money.
Russian monetary system exists and functions in accordance with the federal law of 1995 "On the Central Bank of the Russian Federation," the federal law of 1996 "On banks and banking activity" and subsequent amendments and supplements to these laws.These laws define the basics of money in Russia, the functions, tasks and powers of the Central Bank in the sphere of circulation of money in the country.
Central Bank approves samples of official banknotes and coins with legal tender by force.The monetary system of the Russian Federation stipulates that the Central Bank issued monetary units are required to receive credited to the accounts, letters of credit, deposits, etc.throughout the Russian Federation, at face value.
declared invalid banknotes may not be prior to the date of exchange of notes on the new model.As a rule, this period ranges from 1 year to 5 years.New banknotes are issued within the amounts that are periodically removed from the cash turnover.
To date, the structure of money supply shows Russia M0, M1, M2.In addition, the unit used M 2X, which is a so-called "broad money" (the sum of M2, with all types of deposits in foreign currency).
Today, the structure of the money supply of the Russian Federation is characterized, in spite of the apparent trend of increasing non-cash operations, a sufficiently high proportion of cash, the need for mandatory registration traded currency in the country, as well as the presence of surrogates.The individual components of the RF monetary system are sufficiently isolated from each other and their convertibility each other is difficult, which leads to additional costs.
