Russian monetary system governed by the laws "On the Central Bank of the Russian Federation" 2002, July 10 and "On Banks and Banking Activity", 2006, on 27 July.All legal aspects of the monetary system, its functions, tasks and powers of the Bank of Russia is determined by these laws.
the Constitution of the Russian Federation's financial and currency regulation, money issue, the activities of the federal bank considers in conducting the Russian Federation.The rules of financial law determines the status of the monetary system of the country.Civil law regulates the ownership of money and payment of them.Administrative law defines liability for violations in the process of circulation.Criminal law prescribes penalties for crimes against the financial system (often - counterfeiting, etc.).
monetary system of the market economy is characterized by decentralization circulation of money between banks, sharing issue for non-cash and cash between the functioning of the banking system, the abolition of the gold content of the money transfer to credit money, the lack of differentiation of non-cash and cash circulation, government credit-denezhnym regulation, centralized cash management system using economic methods, predictive planning, circulation of money in the country, regardless of the state of the central bank, the market scale of prices and the establishment of the exchange rate.This is the Russian system of money.
Russian monetary system includes elements such : monetary unit, the procedure for issuance of cash, the regulation of money circulation.
monetary unit is the ruble, which consists of cents (total 100).Legislative introduction of other monetary units in the country is forbidden.The Russian ruble is not entered the ratio with any precious metals.The ruble is the currency set by the Central Bank.
are legal tender notes and coins.They are provided with the assets of the Central Bank, which include the gold reserves of the country, the paper tsenny6e state-level reserves of credit institutions to the Bank of Russia.
issued cash coordinate their circulation and withdrawal from circulation is only entitled to the Bank of Russia.It was he who bears full responsibility for the monetary and economic situation in the country as a whole.
money supply of the country consists of notes and coins.Samples of all banknotes, coins Central Bank claims.The release of new coins or banknotes is accompanied by messages in the media.All means of payment are required to accept for payments throughout the country, as well as transfers and deposits to be credited to the account.
modern monetary system Russia has the lowest level of saturation in the world economic circulation money.The level of monetization of the country is 20% (in developed countries, 50-100%).The money supply of the country is characterized by high levels of it in cash (over a third of the total mass of money), which leads to worsening of the insolvency of certain categories of the population and enterprises.
country's money supply is growing due to the large foreign exchange inflows associated with the rise in oil prices.Russian exports exceed imports, leading to an increase in the positive balance sheet and increase the amount of currency.To exchange export earnings forcing banks to issue Russian ruble, which increases the money supply.
monetary system in Russia is regulated by the Central Bank on the main directions of monetary policy.Today, there is a need to reform the monetary system, which is due to inflation and a violation of the main functions of the national currency as a means of circulation and payment related to the fact that, along with the ruble drawn dollar, the euro and the various means of psevdoplatezhnye (certificates, tax obligations, etc.).
monetary circulation in the Russian Federation is carried out in cash and non-cash.In this process, the movement of money serves the circulation of goods, non-market calculations and payments.When handling cash means of payment are the real money (bank notes), which are transmitted actors against each other for goods, services, and other cases provided by law.When non-cash circulation reverses sums of money from accounts at banks and entities credited to the accounts of other subjects.
