cyclical nature of economic development - it is an objective characteristic which is recognized by all modern economists.They believe that the market system can not exist without experiencing at certain times of ups and downs.The cyclical development of the economy - it is something with which all have to be considered, because it has a direct or indirect impact on all subjects: on individual households and the state as a whole.But what has caused the emergence of unexpected downturns and how to take off to fight?
cyclical development of the market economy - this is what is often said by representatives of the Soviet school, advocating for administrative-command method of controlling the entire system.They claimed that only centralized regulation can mitigate the effects of recessions and crises.Perhaps this is true.But if the command economy is experiencing a real growth - it's a big question.
Most modern scholars agree that the cyclical development of the economy and changing the phases of business activity - it is an objective reality, change that a person can not do.As you can not learn anything without making mistakes and could not go economy to a new stage of development, did not survive the crisis.The cyclical development of the economy reflects a situation in which the system is out of balance in order to, recover, brought up to date.The crisis - a lowest peak of the growth cycle.They come in several forms:
1) K. Zhuglara (7-11 years) - associated with fluctuations in the investments in fixed assets;
2) J. Kitchin (2-4 years) - the cause of which lies in the changes of the world's gold reserves;
3) N. Kondratieff (50-60 years) - related to scientific and technological progress and its achievements.
Besides the crisis, there are three phases that characterize the cyclical development of the economy, depression, recovery and growth.They differ in volume indicators such as GDP (gross domestic product), GNP (gross national product) and ND (national income).The whole cycle is divided into the following elements:
1) peak (the point at which output was the highest);
2) reducing (a period in which there is a gradual decrease in production);
3) bottom (the point which represents the moment at which release is minimal);
4) the rise (a period in which production is gradually improving).
cyclic development of the economy may also be represented by considering the alternation of rising and falling waves, which has a huge impact on the entire economy and the country as a whole and on individual economic actors.But it turns out, crises are possible in a period characterized by a general recovery or upturn in the economy.This so-called intermediate crises that often are local in nature.They do not cover the entire economy as a whole and individual sectors or areas of economic activity.More serious consequences are characterized by a structural transformation and crises, which are much longer and affect the functioning of each individual subject.
