Middle Ages - an era, which is rich in events that became a turning point in world history.And of course, the most important of which they were and remain the Crusades.Answers to questions about the importance of these events is very difficult to find, but it's worth a try.
emergence of ideas
As with most historical events, the Crusades have economic reasons.Although they were backed up and a higher idea.What's Crusade in terms of a medieval peasant, easy to understand.The first is the fight for the most important Christian shrines, which, because of historical events were in the territory of the Islamic states.But at the same time for the inhabitants of European monarchies it was very important and material gain.It was not even about the fabulous wealth of the Muslim countries, it was a lot easier.For the European peasant in general and the French in particular, at least some hope for a more or less acceptable living conditions it was very important.At the time, France was experiencing not the best of years, long famine, coupled with a terrible epidemic crippled economic power of the empire.Less than half a century, these misfortunes have brought the population to the total impoverishment.The positive results of the Crusades were to regain public confidence in the monarchy and the Christian worldview model.
influence of the church, as we know, the Church has always had a huge influence on political affairs.The essence of the Crusades was also formulated by the clergy.It all started with an ardent speech by Pope Urban II.It is considered the mastermind behind the Crusades.
On the question of what year crusade was first organized, can accurately answer: in 1095-m.This is the year of the aforementioned fateful speech of the pope, after which began the organization of cross-traffic.The purpose of the latter was not only the liberation of the Holy Sepulchre, but also from the infidels capture untold wealth.Pope fervently urged Europeans ruined it all belongs to them, and only by an absurd accident is in the hands of enemies.All that was required to do - to go away and that then was not so easy.
Motivation
Nevertheless, wishing to take part in the liberation of the main Christian shrines from the hands of infidels turned out quite a lot.Still, after all except the mandatory enrichment of the Crusaders, namely the so-called soldiers participating campaigns have been promised something else.It was about the remission of sins (unheard of at the time the privilege).Moreover, no longer appeals for austerity, from which medieval Europe suffered so.It became clear that such a crusade, which he organized.The point was the need to transfer the ownership over the land of milk and honey to those to whom it rightfully should belong to.It was, of course, the Christians of Europe.
organization and implementation
A year after the fiery speech of Pope rushed to the first crusaders to the Holy Land.Was an army whose purpose was to liberate the Holy Sepulchre from the infidels from the peasants.Strangely, they had no weapons stockpiles and that the result is already determined campaign.The result of it was quite sad: almost all destroyed in the way to the destination.
Another twelve months have better trained soldiers try again.They had been lucky.Despite the difficulties, the trip participants have mastered a number of cities, having won them from threatening the Seljuks.They even managed to in 1099 to take Jerusalem, which was a huge victory for the Christian world.It's hard to describe all the hardships experienced by the Crusaders in the desert lands.On the question of what a crusade in terms of the ordinary soldier, the answer is not so optimistic.This constant disease and lack of water, fear of being killed formidable Seljuks.
failures and their causes
to wage war on the territory of the enemy, you need to have a significant advantage not only quantitative but also qualitative.The organizers of the Crusades was neither the first nor the second.Yes, for the holy grail put forward a huge army of well-equipped with the Crusaders, but had to cross a huge territory.A large part of soldiers perished in the way to the Holy Land.
6 If we consider the Crusades, we can see that only two of them have been partially or completely successful.Even if the army of the Crusaders managed to seize some territory, they soon lose them either as a result of battles, or gave voluntarily.
difficult to describe all the difficulties faced by the army of the Crusaders in enemy territory to them.Made itself felt and tactics of warfare, which is strikingly different from the Muslim.Armor of knights, as required previously, under incredible heat only hindered movement and agility warrior, does not protect from the arrows of the Seljuks.
meaning and implications
What crusade?The events of those days mixed up a lot of events and facts.But we should remember that first of all it was an era of great change.After completion of the campaigns has changed socio-political situation in Europe.It was born and has firmly established a new class of so-called free landowners.Strengthen the position of church leaders, because they were able to motivate the huge masses of people in a rather strange idea.Improving trade relations between the Christian and Muslim countries - probably the most important success for all.Visit one or more campaigns Knights learned more about the life of the Seljuks.Then, when the fighting ended, former enemies began to learn from each other, originated new mutually beneficial relationship.
Conclusion
about how important the era of the Crusades for each European, should not be forgotten.Thanks to her, many countries have been able to reach a new, higher-quality level in its development.Some scientists business all his life studying believe the era in which were the Crusades.
6 class of high school - a time when children are read adventure novels.It is reserved for the introduction of the era of the knights.Children under the impression they seem fabulous valiant warriors of the Order of the Knights Templar and other brave.
materials on the topic can be found sufficient, the more scientists each year publish new works based on research findings.It is desirable to encourage children to a small self-employment.For example, to study the passages from extracurricular literature, which has the features of a work of art.Babies important to know more about this period of world history, a conflict between two major world religions, honor, valor and courage of the ancient knights.Yes, the Crusades - a fascinating topic to study it can be infinite.
