Japan - a unique country.What is behind these words?Special, nothing on a similar nature, culture, religion, philosophy, art, lifestyle, fashion, kitchen, harmonious coexistence of high technology and ancient traditions, and also the Japanese - as complex to learn, how exciting.One of the most important parts of the language are the names.They always carry a piece of history, and Japanese doubly curious.
Decrypt name
Why do we, the foreigners, all to know?Firstly, because it is informative and interesting, because Japanese culture has penetrated into many areas of our modern life.It is very exciting to decipher the names of famous people, for example, animator Miyazaki - "Temple Palace" + "Cape" and the writer Murakami - "village" + "up".Second, all that long and firmly became part of a youth subculture.
Fans of comics (manga) and animation (anime) just love to take yourself as a variety of aliases Japanese names."Sampo" and other online games are also actively use these aliases for character players.And no wonder: this nickname sounds beautiful, exotic and memorizing.
These mysterious Japanese names
country of the rising sun will always find something to surprise the ignorant foreigner.It is noteworthy that when recording or official representation of man, his name comes first, followed by the name, for example: Aiko Sato, Yukio Tanaka.For the Russian ear sounds strange, so we can be very difficult to tell apart Japanese names.The Japanese themselves, to avoid confusion when dealing with foreigners, often written his name in capital letters.And it really makes it easier.Fortunately, the Japanese decided to have only one name and one name.But such a form as the patronymic (patronymic), it is not at all the people.
Another unusual feature of the communication of the Japanese: the active use of prefixes.And join the consoles more often to the name.European psychologists argue that there is nothing better for a man than the sound of his name - but the Japanese seem to think differently.Therefore, names are used only in a situation very close and personal contacts.
What consoles available in the Japanese language?
- (Last Name) + san - universal courteous treatment;
- (Last Name) + itself - an appeal to the members of the government, business executives, clergy;also used in stable combinations;
- (Last Name) + sensei - an appeal to the martial arts master, doctors and professionals of any field;
- (Last Name) + kun - appeal to teenagers and young men, as well as big-endian or upstream to downstream (for example, superior to subordinates);
- (name) + vat (or chan) - appeal to children and among children under the age of 10 years;treatment of parents to their offspring of all ages;in an informal atmosphere - a beloved and close friends.
How often use Japanese names?It's amazing, but even family members rarely call each other by name.Instead, it uses a special word for "mom", "dad", "daughter", "son", "elder sister," "younger sister", "big brother", "younger brother" and so on. D. To these wordsjust add the prefix "chan (chan)."
Female names
Girls in Japan is often called names that mean something abstract, but a beautiful, sweet and feminine, "flower", "crane", "bamboo", "water lily""chrysanthemum", "moon" and the like.Simplicity and harmony - that is what distinguishes the Japanese names.
Female names often contain syllables (characters) "mi" - beauty (eg, Harumi, Ayumi, Kazumi, Mie, Fumiko, Miyuki) or "ko" - the child (for example: Mike, Naoko, Haruko, Yumiko, Yoshiko, Hanako, Takako, Asako).
Interestingly, some women in modern Japan is considered the end of the "to" and lowered his unfashionable.So, for example, the name "Yumiko" becomes used every day, "Yumi".And friends are turning to the girl, "Yumi-chan."
All of the above - it's quite common nowadays female Japanese names.And the names of the girls, too, are amazingly poetic, especially if you translate an exotic combination of sounds in Russian.Most often, they convey the image of a typical Japanese rural landscape.For example: Yamamoto - "base of the mountain," Watanabe - "cross the neighborhood," Iwasaki - "rocky promontory" Kobayashi - "small forest".
A poetic world open Japanese names.Women especially like to work in the style of haiku, beautiful sound and surprising harmonic sense.
men's names Names
men, the most difficult to read and translate.Some of them are formed from nouns.For example: Moku ("carpenter"), Akio ("handsome"), Cats ("victory), Makoto (" the truth).Others - formed from adjectives or verbs, for example: Satoshi ("smart"), Mamoru ("protect"), Takashi ("high"), Tsutomu ("try").
Very often, the Japanese names of the men and the names include characters that indicate gender identity, "man", "husband", "Hero", "assistant", "tree", and so on. N.
OftenUse ordinal numbers.This tradition originated in the Middle Ages, when the family had many children.For example, the name of Ichiro means "first son", Jiro - "second son" Saburo - "third son", and so on up to Dziurakh, which means "son of the tenth."
Japanese boys names and surnames may be established simply on the basis of available language characters.In the days of the imperial dynasties of nobles attached great importance to how to call themselves and their children, but in modern Japan the advantage is given to just that pleasant-sounding and meaning.At the same time it is not necessary that children from the same family were named with a common hieroglyph, as traditionally practiced in the imperial dynasties of the past.
All Japanese names and the names of men combines two features: semantic echoes of the Middle Ages and the difficulty of reading, especially for a foreigner.
Common Japanese names
distinguished names of a large number and variety: according to linguists, only Japanese names of more than 100,000.For comparison: Russian surnames has 300-400 thousand.
most common at the moment the Japanese names: Sato, Suzuki, Takahashi, Tanaka, Yamamoto, Watanabe, Saito, Kudo, Sasaki, Kato, Kobayashi, Murakami, Ito Nakamura Oonishi, Yamaguchi, Kuroki, Higa.
curious fact: Japanese names have different popularity, depending on the terrain.For example, in Okinawa (the southernmost prefecture of the country) are quite common names Chinen, Higa and Shimabukuro, while in the rest of Japan, they are very few people.Experts attribute this to differences in dialects and culture.Because of these differences for the Japanese alone names his interlocutor could say where he was born.
These different names
In European culture characteristic of certain traditional names from which parents choose the most suitable for your baby.Fashion trends change frequently, and it becomes a popular one, then the other, but hardly anyone comes up with a unique name specifically.In Japanese culture, the situation is different: a single or rare names so much more.Therefore, absent a traditional list.Japanese names (first and last names, too) are often formed from any fine words or phrases.
Poetry named
pronounced poetic sense differ primarily female names.For example:
- Ury - "Water Lily".
- Hotaru - "Firefly."
- Izumi - "The Fountain."
- Namik - "Child of the waves."
- Aika - "Love Song."
- Natsumi - "Summer Beauty".
- Chiyo - "Eternity".
- Nozomi - "Hope".
- Ima - "The Gift."
- Rico - "Child of jasmine."
- Kiku - "Chrysanthemum."
However, among male names can be found beautiful values:
- Keitaro - "Blessed."
- Toshiro - "Talented."
- Yuki - "Snow" ;.
- Yudzuki - "Crescent".
- Takehiko - "Bamboo Prince."
- Raydon - "God of Thunder".
- Torah - "The Sea."
Poetry names
There are not only beautiful Japanese names.And the names can be very poetic.For example:
- Arai - "Wild well."
- Aoki - "The young (green) tree."
- Yoshikawa - "Happy River".
- Ito - "Wisteria".
- Kikuchi - "Pond with lilies."
- Komatsu - "Little Pine".
- Matsuura - "Pine Cove".
- Nagai - "Eternal well."
- Ozawa - "A small swamp."
- Oohasi - "Big Bridge".
- Shimizu - "Clean Water".
- Chiba - "One thousand leaflets".
- Furukawa - "Old River".
- Yano - "Arrow in the plain."
bring a smile
Sometimes there are funny and Japanese names, or rather funny-sounding for the Russian ear.
Among these may be noted the names of the men: Bank Quiet (accent on "a), truncated, Dzёban, Suck (accent on" o ").Among female fun for Russian human sound: Hey, Osa, Ory, Cho Hand Wound, Jura.But such ridiculous examples are extremely rare, given the rich diversity of Japanese names.
As for the names that are to be found rather strange and difficult to pronounce the combination of sounds than funny.However, this is easily compensated by numerous amusing parodies of Japanese names.Of course, all of them Russian-speaking invented by pranksters, but some phonetic similarity with the originals still there.For example, such a parody: the Japanese rider Toyama Tokanava;or Japanese singer Tohripo Tovizgo.Behind all these "names" it is easy to guess the phrase in Russian.
Interesting facts about Japanese names and surnames
Japan still has a law that has been preserved from the Middle Ages, according to which the husband and wife are required to wear a name.Almost always it is her husband's name, but there are exceptions - for example, if the wife of a noble, well-known family.But so far in Japan can not be that spouses were hyphenated name or each his own.
general in the Middle Ages only Japanese emperors, aristocrats and samurai wore the names and common people satisfied with nicknames that are often joined by their names.For example, as a nickname often used place of residence, occupation, or even the name of his father.
Japanese women in the Middle Ages often also had the names: it was believed that they do not need, because they were not heirs.The names of the girls from aristocratic families often end in "Hime" (which means "princess").Wives samurai wore names ending in "godzen."Often we addressed to them by name and rank of her husband.But personal names and then, and is now used only in close communion.Japanese monks and nuns of noble estates were names ending with "John."
After the death of every Japanese person acquires a new name (it is called "kaymё").His record on the sacred wooden plate called "ihay."The plate with the posthumous name used in the rite of burial and funeral rituals, as it is considered the epitome of the spirit of the deceased person.People often during his lifetime and become kaymё ihay Buddhist monks.Submissions Japanese death is not something tragic, but rather one of the stages of the path of an immortal soul.
learning more about Japanese name, you can not just sort of a way to learn the basics of language, but also a deeper understanding of the philosophy of the people.
