Storage Manuscripts in Baghdad, also called the "House of Wisdom."This institution was founded here at the dawn of the emergence of the Eastern religions - Islam, but it lasted not so long.Initially, the scientists came here from different countries, who could convey to Baghdad some knowledge in the field of science.They immediately left their achievements, which are collected in books and loose-leaf for further storage.In the constant wars that were fought between the powers at the time, is the greatest treasure of knowledge was destroyed, and all the ancient manuscripts created by thinkers dumped in the Tigris River.
Background
In 8 century Abbasid dynasty overthrew the ruling at the time of the Umayyads, who ruled the lands of Mesopotamia.Capital power at that time was in the city of Mecca, which was considered a refuge of the Prophet Muhammad and all his followers.The new government, barely winning, moved the capital to Baghdad, and that since the city began to grow before our eyes.The main purpose of the Abbasid Baghdad was to make the "New Alexandria".Because here began svozit from all over Europe and Asia, the works of different philosophers, scientists, mathematicians and researchers.Thus was formed a kind of repository of manuscripts in Baghdad, which for some time contained a simple set of scrolls and parchments, drawn up in a wide variety of languages, including the dead.
first steps to systematize
founder of the "House of Wisdom", which in their own language called "Bayt al-Hikma", a true story of al-Ma'mun, who, strictly speaking, and conquered the city of Baghdad.In his retreat all the knowledge he hired the best scientists and interpreters of Mesopotamia, who worked there day and night.They fingered the ancient manuscripts created by philosophers and mathematicians from India, Greece, Italy and Spain.Sometimes even come across records compiled by barbarous peoples of Northern Europe.Their task is to translate the data into Arabic, with which they coped brilliantly.So al-Mamun appeared library that contained the knowledge of the peoples of the civilized world at the time.
Development of the House of Wisdom
As it turned out, the most interesting branch of science at that time was mathematics, and all stemming from her disciplines - astronomy, metaphysics, chemistry and so on. E., Because the House of Wisdom worked under the supervision of the best mathematicians - Al-Khwarizmi,who directed and poduchival all other experts.Since all the scientists began working together, the repository of manuscripts in Baghdad turned into a real research center.There were derived the new formulas, new born sizes and shapes.For astronomers opened plenty of opportunities after the knowledge acquired by different people were compared.
On the basis of what had been built developments of Arab scientists?
Each codex, which fell into the House of Wisdom, became the subject of a thorough study of the Arabs.They mainly relied on the works of such well-known writers of antiquity as Diophantus of Alexandria, Aristotle, Euclid, Ptolemy, Hippocrates, Dioscorides, Galen, and others.Developments first four philosophers, scientists have enabled the Arabs to make a huge leap in mathematics and astronomy.They were built of algebraic logarithms and calculus, all kinds of geometric procedures and formulas for calculating areas and volumes.Also, it is the Arab scholars attribute this finding as the progression - mathematical and geometric.In the future, based on the knowledge and expertise held here in Europe there was math, which we now enjoy.As for the last three ancient sages, it is based on their findings has been developed new Arab medicine.
Developments in astronomy
Storage Manuscripts in Baghdad, has also become a new space observatory.The impetus for the study of celestial bodies become knowledge is ancient, and Indian scholars who have put forward the hypothesis that the Earth has its parallels and meridians.It was in a suburb of Baghdad, Arab researchers working on these astronomical work, an attempt was made to measure the length of the arc of 1 degree meridian.The event was a success, since all calculations were correct.
Destruction of the House of Wisdom
Mongol-Tatar yoke, which took place in the 13th century, not spared and Mesopotamia.In 1258, February 12, the local greatest repository of manuscripts has been completely destroyed by the army under the leadership of Hulagu Khan.Many of the scientists who worked here were killed, others taken prisoner, someone managed to escape, taking with him some of those manuscripts that were there.All that fell into the hands of bloodthirsty Mongols, were either burned or drowned in the waters of the Tigris River.There is a theory that some scientists, who managed to escape from Baghdad at the time, settled in Istanbul, which have been able to apply their knowledge and give them a new life.
