Soviet foreign policy was in charge of a separate agency.The official history of the special department for foreign policy began July 6, 1923.During the existence of the Soviet Union before the collapse of authority it was renamed several times, did not change the essence of its mission.
first foreign minister of the USSR People's Commissariat headed
Georgy Chicherin, who was born in 1872 in Tambov province.I got a profile diplomatic education.Since 1898, Chicherin worked in the Foreign Ministry of the Russian Empire.Core business of the future Soviet diplomat - is to create a collection on the history of the ministry.Gradually it becomes a supporter of socialist views.From 1904 to the revolution, lived abroad.He was a member of the socialist parties of Western Europe.After the revolution, the Soviet foreign minister returned from exile, part of the active political life of the state in the period of the Civil War.Officially, he headed the Foreign Ministry since July 6, 1923 to July 21, 1930.
However, real diplomatic work Tchitcherin conducted before assigning an official status.Chicherina overestimate the merit in resolving many issues of mutual relations of the Union and the Western countries at the Genoa and Lausanne conferences (1922 and 1923), and during the signing of the Rapallo Treaty is very difficult.
the Foreign Ministry from 1930 until a UN
Maxim Litvinov led the ministry for foreign affairs in the most difficult from a political point of view of time (1930-1939 years), because during this period the Soviet Union had political repression.As minister executed several important missions:
- resumption of diplomatic relations with the United States.
- USSR took to the League of Nations (the prototype of the UN organization existed from 1918 to 1940, in fact, as to the legal establishment of the UN).He was the permanent representatives of the League of Nations.
first diplomat who formally held the position (after renaming all) "Minister of Foreign Affairs of the USSR" - is Vyacheslav Molotov, who headed the department from 3 May 1939 until March 4, 1949.The story was one of the authors of the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact.This document is actually divided Europe into zones of influence of the USSR and Germany.After signing the pact barriers to start World War II, Hitler was no more.
From March 1949 to 1953, the ministry was headed by Andrei Vyshinsky.His role in the foreign policy of the USSR historians yet to be assessed.After the war, he took an active part in the Potsdam Conference, the creation of the United Nations.Actively promote the political interests of the Soviet Union in the international arena.Also do not forget that in those years was the Korean War that split the country into two states: the communist and capitalist.Of course, this minister owns a large role in fueling the "cold" war between the Union and the United States.
Vyacheslav Molotov - the only Soviet Foreign Minister, who returned to the post after the death of Stalin.However, he worked as a minister is not too long - to the famous Twentieth Congress of the CPSU.
Andrei Gromyko
Ministers often worked in the government for a long time.But none of them could hold the post as much as it is able to Andrei Gromyko (1957 to 1985), a career diplomat, who listens to the word many Western leaders.About this politician can talk a lot, because if not it consistently balanced position on many issues of mutual relations with the United States, the "Cold War" could easily escalate into a real one.The most important achievement of the minister considered the conclusion of the SALT-1.
Last Soviet Foreign Minister Eduard Shevardnadze
also had the honor to head the Foreign Ministry.In fact, he was the chief diplomat of the country before the collapse of the Union, albeit briefly left the post in 1991.As you know, since 1985 the state began a period of adjustment.
foreign policy priorities have also changed.For example, an important task was the unification of Germany.The solution of this issue depended on the policy of the USSR.The country's leaders saw the need for change, so foreign policy could not remain the same.Eduard Shevardnadze was an outstanding diplomat.
