bacteria, according to scientists - the most ancient inhabitants of the Earth.They appeared on the planet in ancient times, and for a long time were the only ones on it.Their structure is primitive.This single-celled organisms, many of which now retains the basic features of their ancestors settled in the Earth in ancient times.Significance of bacteria in nature and human life is hard to objectively evaluate.
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Since the invention of the first high-power microscope (17th century), which allows to consider these small sea creatures and land, they opened a lot.In science, they were in a separate group, which is called - "the bacteria."Before we talk about the importance of bacteria in nature and human life, a few words about them.
little about bacteria
They may have a different shape.Cocchi - spherical, bacilli - rod-shaped, vibrio - like commas, spirillum - spiral, streptococcus - a chain, staphylococci - clusters, diplokokki - rounded pair.All of them are able to move by means of flagella or other means.The bacteria are found everywhere, even in the purest drops of water in the soil, in the air, on the rocks and the surface of the skin.They are also found in some other organisms, such as humans.Just one gram of black earth can live millions of bacteria.They are unpretentious and extremely viable: can withstand heat up to 90 degrees, do not die when frozen, rise into the atmosphere up to 30 km, descend deep into the ground for kilometers, living in the depths of the ocean - the real masters of the world!
value of bacteria in nature and human life
- Converting biomass.Bacteria diligently recycle and dispose of dead animals and plants.As a result, they are converted into fertilizers and soil layers, maintaining circulation of the biomaterial in nature.For example, the leaves fallen from a tree in the fall to the ground, the next season will be transformed by bacteria into high-quality humus, fertilize the soil, helping to feed the tree.
- absorption and nitrogen fixation.Only these organisms under the effect of nitrogen assimilation.Special enzymes allow bacteria to absorb nitrogen from the atmosphere and to combine it with minerals, turning them into fertilizer for plants.
- production of oxygen.Chances are, without bacteria, we would suffocate you.Because the lion's share of the earth's atmosphere of oxygen to produce a myriad of these little creatures.This is perhaps the main importance of bacteria in nature and human life.
- production of dairy products.Without these small organisms would not have sour milk, and, hence, yogurt, kefir, cheese and other products familiar to us.
- on the farm.And in agriculture bacteria help the farmer to deal with pests and weeds by the introduction of the soil bacterial fertilizers.
value of bacteria in nature and human life.Pros and cons
However, these microscopic organisms are not only our helpers.From them there is also harm to nature and man.Bacteria carry some dangerous diseases, for example, cholera, tuberculosis, and many others.They are capable of causing an epidemic that can destroy humanity.Created even different deadly biological weapons, now banned in the world.Therefore, a person must keep them under constant review.
These materials can be used for lesson "Meaning of bacteria in nature and human life" (Grade 6).
