philosophy - this is an area of knowledge, the subject of which is almost impossible to determine precisely.Questions to which it is designed to answer very varied and depend on many factors: age, state of a particular thinker.Traditionally, philosophy is divided into several branches of the subject, which she considers.The most important components are the philosophical knowledge ontology and epistemology, respectively, the doctrine of being and theory of knowledge.Are very important industries such as anthropology, social philosophy, history of philosophy, ethics, aesthetics, philosophy of science and technology, as well as some others.In this article, we focus on the topic, to study the nature of human knowledge.
epistemology and epistemology - two terms that point to the same phenomenon - the theory of knowledge in philosophy.The existence of two different terms due to temporal and geographical factors: the German philosophy of the XVIII century.the doctrine of human cognitive abilities called epistemology, and the Anglo-American philosophy of XX century.- Epistemology.
Epistemology - is the philosophical discipline that deals with the problems of man's knowledge of the world, the possibility of knowledge and its limits.This branch investigates the background of knowledge, attitudes acquired knowledge to the real world, the truth of the knowledge criteria.In contrast to sciences such as psychology, epistemology - is the science that seeks to find a general, universal knowledge base.What can be called knowledge?Do our knowledge related to reality?The theory of knowledge in philosophy is not emphasized in private mechanisms of the psyche, with which there is knowledge of the world.
history of epistemology begins in ancient Greece.It is believed that the first time the problem of the truth of knowledge of Western philosophy puts Parmenides, who in his treatise "On Nature" talks about the difference between opinion and truth.Another ancient philosopher, Plato, believed that the soul of every man originally belonged to the world of ideas, and true knowledge is possible as a memory for the period of the soul in this world.Not spared this problem, Socrates and Aristotle, develop methods consistent knowledge.Thus, already in ancient philosophy we find many thinkers who do not question that epistemology - is an important branch of philosophy.
problem of knowledge occupied a central position throughout the history of philosophy - from antiquity to the present day.The most important question asked epistemology - is a principal possibility of knowing the world.Character solve this problem, a criterion for the formation of such philosophies as agnosticism, skepticism, solipsism and epistemological optimism.The two extreme points of view in this case are, respectively, the absolute unknowability and full intelligibility of the world.In epistemology touched upon issues of truth and meaning, essence, forms, principles and levels of knowledge.
