Phrasal verbs in English have no analogues in the Russian language.They are a combination of a verb and a so-called poslesloga which may be used individually, but together are indivisible meaning.For example, dress up - "dress up", bring up - "nourish and educate", look down on - "look at someone from the top down", put up with - "to accept, tolerate."As you can see, the value may be either more or less transparent, clear, and quite unexpected.
Phrasal verbs in English are actively used in the spoken language, replacing the more stringent counterparts, which are often found in the literature (for example, put up with instead endure).But do not think that the phrasal verbs - is a sign of a conversational style.They can be found in the legal documents and business records, and everywhere they have their own specifics.The same composition of phrasal verb can have a literary, figurative and idiomatic meaning.
Phrasal verbs in English: types
Since these verbs are one of the most lively of the English, they are very difficult to classify.How can you remember phrasal verbs in English, a list of which is in one of the directories has more than five hundred, but in fact they are much more?
In many cases, the meaning of the phrasal verb can guess if you know the value of its parts.For example, put off - "put off anything on the later date."Put - "laying", off - adverb indicating removal, distancing anything.Now let's see how can be transferred phrasal verb put off: "put off, turn off the (light), get off, push away (repel), interfere with, distract, discard (doubt), slip, move off."In all these cases, the translation can be found a reference to the meaning of the main verb and adverb.With experience comes the ability for you to guess the meaning of the phrasal verb, from the context, but, alas, it is not always possible.For example, not so easy to guess, that look up to - it is "treat someone with respect."
So first translation of English phrasal verbs you just need to remember, and this will help them structuring.What are the kinds of phrasal verbs?
1. intransitive phrasal verbs
These verbs are used independently, ie without additions.For example: hurry up!- "Hurry up!", The vine is off - "wine is spoiled" (to be off - "sour"), the device has broken down - "broken device" (to broke down - "fail").
2. transitive phrasal verbs Divisible
It is flexible, mobile verbs, most unusual for Russian students.Particles of this phrasal verb is separated from the main body, and at the end of the sentence after the amendments, although some verbs show mobility: posleslog can be separated from the verb complement or not.For example: she is looking trough the folders - "it scans folders."In the following example, after the addition of the particle is thus phrasal gagol is divisible: she is looking the folders through - "it scans folders."
3. Indivisible transitive phrasal verbs
ons in sentences with these verbs are only after the particles.Thus, the verb retains its integral structure remains undivided.For example, I turned out the light.Please note here that there are phrasal verbs, which, as mentioned above, may have different values, and one of them may be transient, and the other intransitive, which means that they can be divisible and indivisible.For example, look up.In the sense of "look in a dictionary reference" it will be a transition (look the term up in a dictionary - "Look this term in the dictionary"), and in the sense of "getting better" the verb is intransitive (things are starting to look up - "things get better ").
4. Multifrazovye verbs
these verbs is relatively small.They consist of three parts.For example: get down to - "start (to work, talk, discussion, case)."
5. Prepositional verbs
They just disguised as phrasal verbs, as required behind the use of certain prepositions, but they have a literal translation.For example: begin with - "start with", believe in - "believe", forgive for - "forgive me for", talk about - "to talk about."These verbs can not be divided addition.The object to which the action takes place, is always after a preposition.For example: I believe in love - "believe in love", talk about money - "to talk about money."
should be understood that this classification is quite simple, experts allocate much larger groups of phrasal verbs.For example, the distinguished five categories of phrasal verbs on the specifics of the values introduced by posleslogom.
How to teach English phrasal verbs?
Unfortunately, based on his shrewdness you can not always.You need to practice as much as possible.Experts can not reach a consensus, how many times to repeat an unknown word, seven or twelve to firmly remember it, but agree on the fact that without a constant recurrence of the success in the study of foreign languages is not possible.In this sense there is no one to acquire collections of phrasal verbs that can be found in abundance in the stores.Mechanically memorizing phrasal verb and its translation will be useless.These verbs are one of the most lively sections of the English language is very important in the context of their recurrence.Choose from a huge list of phrasal verbs are those who really need and you meet your training goals.Scheme study of this topic is best to build up as follows: initial analysis of the meaning of words that become posleslogami, and their impact on the general meaning of the verb (often you can catch patterns), the selection of the most commonly used phrasal verbs, and then the actual memorization.For example, the day can take one of phrasal verbs and mentally to play with him a variety of situations, two or three days to check herself or arrange a miniekzameny.
