Due to the history books, many of us know about the famous people in the centuries, such as the great generals, politicians and scientists.But, unfortunately, the school provides only a tiny bit of knowledge about those leaders who have carried through his life wisdom and kindness, as well as immortalized historical facts.
offer to fix it and learn about a truly great man that people devout church-going and is known as St. Epiphanius the Wise (photo nekanonizirovannykh St., unfortunately, behind prescription of years do not exist).He - the author of biographical texts about prominent people of his time, took part in the chronicle of significant events of the period and, most likely, had influence in high society.Life of Epiphanius the Wise, a summary of his literary works, which miraculously survived to the present day are described in this article.
no date of birth is not known
when it is born Epiphanius the Wise.Monk biography contains enough scarce and sometimes inaccurate information: Rev. Epiphanius lived in the second half of the 14th century, it is not surprising that after so many hundreds of years after his death, this man umneyshem have so little information.However, there is still little by little collected facts from disparate pieces add up to a certain life story of a monk Epiphany.
Gifted novice
widespread belief that life Epiphanius the Wise began in Rostov.His spiritual journey started young Epiphany in his hometown, at the monastery of St. Gregory the Theologian, which feature is the fact that there were services in two languages: Church Slavonic and Greek.
addition to bilingual slope monastery famous for its magnificent library containing a great many books written in different languages.Inquisitive mind and irrepressible thirst for knowledge industrious novice led to the fact that he spent hours over the folios, learning different languages, as well as chronographs, Ladder, biblical texts, historical Byzantine and ancient literature.
huge role in the formation of Epiphany played a close relationship with Stefan Perm - the future saint, who served at the same monastery.Erudition and broad-minded - one of the reasons why the Epiphany was named Wise.
Wind travels
Besides books Epiphany drew knowledge in their travels.There is evidence that the monk a lot of traveling around the world: he was in Constantinople, made a pilgrimage to Mount Athos in Jerusalem, and often comes over to Moscow and other Russian towns and villages.Proof of travel to Jerusalem is the work of "Tales Epiphany Mnich on the way to the holy city of Jerusalem."Apparently, the knowledge gained from a monk in the expeditions, can also serve as an answer to a question about why the Epiphany was named Wise.
Gramotnik Trinity Monastery
Upon completion of training in the monastery of St. George the Divine Life of Epiphanius the Wise continued outside Moscow.In 1380, he transferred to Trinity monastery and went to a famous ascetic in Russia - St. Sergius of Radonezh - a disciple.In this monastery he was listed gramotnikom Epiphany and led an active knigopisatelskuyu activities.Evidence of this fact is that pile of manuscripts in Trinity Sergius Lavra-written by him contains "Stihirar" with many additions and notes to his name.
Literature and drawing
In 1392, after the death of his mentor and spiritual father of St. Sergius of Radonezh, the life Epiphanius the Wise undergoing significant changes: he transferred to Moscow under the leadership of Metropolitan Cyprian, where he met with the painter Theophanes the Greek, whichthen it will have a long and friendly relations.The artist and his work produced at the monk as a lasting impression and resulted in such an indescribable joy that Epiphany and he had begun to paint.
word about Stefan Perm
spring 1396 died blagopriyatel monk-chronicler Bishop Stephen of Perm.And after some time obsessed tell the world about the deeds of St. Epiphanius the Wise wrote "The Life of Stephen of Perm."This work - not a detailed biography, and the traditional church and instructive description of all the blessings of the bishop of Perm: Stefan celebrates Epiphany as a saint, who created the Permian alphabet, drew the Gentiles to the Christian faith, broken idols and built Christian churches in the lands of the peoples of Komi.
exploits of Stephen of Perm in the Christian arena Epiphany equates to historical events, because in addition to the excellent literary quality of "The Life of Stephen of Perm" - it is an invaluable historical source, because in addition to the individual Bishop Stephen it contains overarching facts associated with ethnography, culture and history of the ancienttimes and events taking place in Perm, its relations with Moscow and the political situation in general.An exceptional and that in this literary work, there are no miracles.
contemporaries quite difficult given reading of the works of Epiphanius the Wise.Here are a few words that are often present in tales Epiphany:
- these;
- Be slaughter native Ruthenian;
- polunoschnyya, glagolemyya;
- from parent deliberately;
- cleric velikyya;
- takozh Christiana.
Over time chronicle work, literacy and skills word monk praised pundits.This is another reason why Epiphany was named Wise.
Flight Tver
In 1408 terrible happened: on Moscow fell obsessed brutal war Yedigei Khan and his army.The Life of God-fearing Epiphanius the Wise makes a sharp turn: a modest knigopisets runs in Tver, not forgetting to take their works.In Tver Epiphany sheltered Archimandrite Savior monastery-Afanasyeva Cornelius (in the world - Cyril).
Monk Epiphanius lived in Tver as much as 6 years old, and over the years strong friends with Cornelius.It Epiphany Archimandrite told about the work of Theophanes the Greek, highly commending the work of the artist.Epiphanius told Cyril that Theophane has painted about 40 churches and several buildings in Constantinople, Cafes, Chalcedon, Moscow and Novgorod.In their letters to the Archimandrite Epiphany also calls itself the icon-painter, that is, book graphics, and notes that his drawings - it is only a copy creativity Theophanes the Greek.
Native abode
In 1414 Epiphanius the Wise returned to the native land - the Trinity Monastery, which by then was called Trinity-Sergius (in honor of St. Sergius of Radonezh).Although work on the biography of Stephen of Perm, as well as the continued existence of the mother away from the monastery, Epiphany continues to make record and document the facts of his mentor acts of Grigoriev monastery, gathering into one eyewitness information and their own observations.And in 1418 he wrote Epiphanius the Wise "Life of St. Sergius of Radonezh."It took him a long 20 years.For faster writing monk lacked the information and ... courage.
Word of Sergius of Radonezh
«Life of St. Sergius of Radonezh" - even more voluminous work than the "Word of Life and teachings of our Holy Father Stephen, a former bishop of Perm."It differs from the first "Life of" an abundance of biographical facts from the life of St. Sergius of Radonezh, and has a more precise chronological sequence of events.Special mention should be inscribed in a "Life" is a historical fact relating to the Battle of Prince Dmitry Donskoy with Tartar army cruel Khan Mamai.It Sergius of Radonezh blessed the Duke to the militant campaign.
Both "The Life" - a reflection on the Epiphany the Wise complicated fates of the main characters, their emotions and feelings.Proceedings of the Epiphany saturated complex epithets, florid phrases, synonyms and various allegories.The author calls his presentation of ideas to as "verbal Wide Web."
Here are the most common words of Epiphanius the Wise, taken from the "Life of St. Sergius of Radonezh»:
- Thou byst;
- Sixth sedmits;
- chetverodesyatny day;
- brought mladenets;
- vzdayusche;
- Thou same priasta;
- kupno same;
- iereivi povelevayuscha.
Perhaps just such an unusual way knigopisaniya provides an answer to a question about why the Epiphany was named Wise.
Another famous version of "The Life of St. Sergius of Radonezh" in our time there thanks to the processing of Athos monk Pachomius Serbs who lived in the Trinity-Sergius Monastery in the period from 1440 by 1459.He has created a new version of "The Life" after St. Sergius of Radonezh canonized.Pachomius Serb changed the style and added labor Epiphanius the Wise narrative about finding the relics of the Reverend, and also described the posthumous miracles of created over Sergius of Radonezh.
Undated death
Just like the date of birth is unknown Epiphanius the Wise, has not been established and the exact date of his death.Other sources claim that knigopisets ascended to heaven in the interval between 1418 and 1419 years.Estimated death last month - October.
Epiphanius the Wise Remembrance Day - on 14 June.At the moment it is not canonized, that is not canonized.But, most of all, it is only a matter of time ...
