Hero of the Soviet Union - as the proud heard these words.This honorary title could only get elected, who have distinguished themselves by certain merits or accomplished a feat.Central Executive Committee of 04.16.1934 for the first time established the title of "Hero of the Soviet Union."Awarding was granted a star of the Hero of the Soviet Union.Let us recall how many heroes, who first received the medal and many more.
Everything about the highest award
most important awards of the USSR - the star of "Hero of the Soviet Union" - appeared in 1939.At first it was as an additional mark of distinction for those who awarded the highest distinction.Then it was called differently: "Gold Star".It is made of gold, sample 950, and on its reverse side reads "Hero of the Soviet Union."
Gold Medal given for special achievements and committed deeds.Heroes named those who shot down the aircraft (not less than 15 pieces), saved people.Air arrow-bombers could get a "Gold Star" 8 shot down enemy aircraft in the air.
Youngest Hero of the Soviet Union - the guerrillas Valentin Kotik.He at that time was 14 years old, but he was a brave pioneer.In 1943, Kitty was able to kill the officer, and raise the alarm.Thanks to him, were discovered and defeated enemies.
Today medal "Gold Star" - "Hero of the Soviet Union" - can even be found on sale, at the shady antique dealers.Of course, it is not cheap.
first Hero of the Soviet Union Anatoly
Liapidevskii - famous Soviet pilot.He was Major General Aviation.Today about him almost no one remembers, but in vain.After all, he was the first hero of the Soviet Union.Anatoly Liapidevskii received a medal "Gold Star" - "Hero of the Soviet Union" - had 3 of the Order of Lenin and many other awards. Star he received in April 1934 for the rescue of polar-Chelyuskinites. He sought them, having made 29 flights in bad weather (there was a terrible blizzard). In March, he still found them, put the plane on thin ice floe and rescued 12 people, among them - a woman and two children. Then he took part in the Great Patriotic War, where he received his other awards.
Manybelieve that the first Hero of the Soviet Union passed away too corny. This difficult and thorny passed path and survived. And then there was the funeral from a colleague, where a bad cold. Cure it could not, and 29 April 1983, he died.
Inhonor Lyapidevsky AV released a postage stamp of the USSR in 1935. In Russia and Ukraine, many of the streets are named his name. At school, where he studied first Hero of the Soviet Union, established a memorial plaque, and in 1990 in the village of White Clay in his honora monument.
Heroes of the Soviet Union: women
They were few, only 95 people who were awarded this title.Some women - Heroes of the Soviet Union could not even get the title twice.Some were awarded posthumously, others live today.Let us remember who was the award "Gold Star" Hero of the Soviet Union.
first woman to receive the title Hero of the Soviet Union high - Zoe Kosmodemyanskaya.She was awarded the medal posthumously.Zoe was able to burn the relationship of Germans, so they could not communicate with their units.Next time, Zoe was also trying to arrange an arson, but it failed.She was caught and began to brutally torture.However, Zoe did not even say his name.It was a real partisan.When she was led to the gallows, all beaten in the blood, she walked with her head held high.When she was prepared to be hanged, she managed to shout that the Soviet Union the Germans did not win, and her comrades to avenge his girlfriend fighting.And so it happened.And after it received a high rank and other heroic women.
Maria Bayda - worked as an instructor in the second sanitary battalion.It was the 514 Infantry Regiment.
Gnilitskaya Nina - was a scout in the 383 Infantry Division.
Kovshova Natalie - were very good scorer in the 528 Infantry Regiment (Red Army, awarded posthumously).
Tatiana Kostyrin - Sergeant, a great sniper 691 Infantry Regiment.
Elena Stempkovsky - Sergeant, awarded posthumously.There was a radio operator in the 216 rifle regiment.
Maria Semyonovna Polivanova - a Red Army soldier, was a sniper in the 528 rifle regiment.
Svetlana Savitskaya - its awarded twice.It is the first woman in space, which came out in open space.Svetlana Savitskaya - Air Force Major.In 1993, she retired.
All these women - Heroes of the Soviet Union, who are worthy of respect.After all, they were very hard and glorious way.
Who was the last hero of the Soviet Union?
Solodkov Leonid, commander of the group of divers, was the last hero, who has been given a "Gold Star" Hero for the successful implementation of a special mission.Leonid showed himself courageous, showed heroism and in December 1991 he was awarded the title "Hero of the Soviet Union."
After Solodkova appeared at a high rank, the day the Soviet Union was no more.Thus, Leonid was the last Hero.They gave him a reward for 22 days after the collapse of the Soviet Union.
Unfortunately, "Gold Star" Hero of the Soviet Union more than ever, and no one was given.
How many Heroes of the Soviet Union
during the existence of the Soviet Union nearly 13 000 people were awarded the honorary title "Hero of the Soviet Union."Some were deprived of this privilege for defamatory actions (72 cases).Twice it was awarded 154 people.Kozhedub Pokryshkin and Budyonny received the award three times.There are two people who are awarded four times in the services to the Motherland - Leonid Brezhnev and Zhukov.
All these characters have distinguished themselves by their merits before the Soviet Union and the public.They are to some extent performed feats that are worthy of respect.The star of the Hero of the Soviet Union, they received justice.
Even before the war, is the honorary title received 626 citizens.All the other characters appeared from the beginning of the Great Patriotic War.It was not only Russian or Ukrainian citizens, but also representatives of other nationalities, of which 44 people received the "Gold Star".
Famous Heroes of the Soviet Union
can cite as an example, and other names that may not so often heard.
Paul Shcherbinka - Lieutenant Colonel, who was a commander in the anti-tank artillery regiment.
Vladimir Aksyonov - an engineer on board the spacecraft.He has two "Gold Star".
Stepan Artemenko - was the commander of a battalion in the shooting, two awarded for military exploits.
Leonid Beda - first he was assistant commander, and then he became commanding 75th Guards.He was awarded the Gold Medal twice Hero.
afanasy beloborodov - he commanded the 43rd Army and was awarded the medal twice.
Mikhail Bondarenko - was the commander and navigator in the Air Regiment, for which he was twice awarded the highest rank.
Anatoly Brandys - was first deputy commander, and then he began to lead the squadron Aviation Regiment.He earned a gold medal twice.
Vladislav Volkov - was an engineer on board the spacecraft, was awarded twice.
Arseny Vorozheikin - commanded a squadron in fighter aviation regiment had two gold medals ..
Vasily Glazunov - was a commander in the Guards Rifle Corps.Its twice awarded the Gold Medal and high rank.
Sergey Denisov - commanded a detachment of fighter aircraft crews.
Vasily Zaitsev - navigator and commander in the Guards Fighter Aviation Regiment.He was a Major Guard, and twice received the title of "Hero of the Soviet Union."
That's how much of Heroes of the Soviet Union.And that's not all.We have listed the most famous, which are famous for their courage and heroism.
What benefits provided to citizens who have received honorary title?
To date, there are certain privileges to citizens who have this title.Benefits for Heroes of the Soviet Union, which were in the Soviet Union:
1. They are exempted from the different types of taxes, fees and other payments to the budget.
2. In hospitals Heroes of the USSR have the right to be treated free of charge.
3. Free travel on all kinds of local and regional transport (taxis not included here).
4. Their state should provide free medicines for home delivery (if the doctor made the necessary conclusion).
5. Free treatment and prosthetics (only in the state of dentistry).
6. Each year, it shall issue a free ticket to a sanatorium and dispensary.
7. Heroes have the right to benefits to pay for utilities and housing.
8. They have the right to jump the queue to receive telephone.
9. Children heroes have the right to provide funeral services in the service of the relevant documents, to bury his parents at the expense of the state.
10. If the hero is dead, and his child is learning in full-time, then the state is obliged to pay child cash reserve.
Conclusion
Award "Hero of the Soviet Union" was received by the citizens who really deserved it.They teach us to love their country.They served her and were willing to risk life and as long as that of their fellow countrymen, all was well.How can we forget Zoe Kosmodem'yanskii that until the last breath screaming Germans in the face as she hates them and knows that the Soviet Union will win.She was beaten with sticks, rods, nails tore, but the Germans did not even know her real name.There were thousands of characters.They knew who to fight and defend it.Heroes, who received the award in the Soviet Union, were brave, resolute, and they are worthy of great respect.
today found fewer patriots who are willing to give their lives for their country.The thoughts and opinions of people have become quite different.Perhaps it's because now more calm, not like in the Great Patriotic War.Yes, many people do not understand why fight if you can live peacefully.But as they say, to each his own.
