Agriculture - the most important sector of the economy of any country.It not only provides the population with necessary food, but also reflects the overall level of technological progress of a state, absorbing the best achievements of science and technology.In this article, we will focus on what is the agrarian revolution and what the basic features inherent in it.In addition, you will learn how many were in the history of our civilization.
agrarian revolution - is ...
turns out his revolution typical for agriculture.And their essence no different from the revolutions that are happening in the social and political life of mankind.
agrarian revolution - a combination of rapid and profound changes taking place in the agricultural sector.Also, a phenomenon often referred to as an agrarian revolution.It should be emphasized that such revolutions are usually very short in the time frame.
basic condition of the agrarian revolution is the establishment of stable capitalist relations of production.In addition, you can select other features (conditions) of the agrarian revolution.Among them:
- transition to commodity production;
- consolidation of rural businesses and the elimination of small farms;
- concentration of land from large landowners;
- emergence of wage labor;
- increase in production;
- implementation of reclamation and other activities;
- development of new crop varieties and animal breeds with the best productive qualities;
- use of new and modern equipment.
agrarian revolutions always characteristic is the intensification of agriculture.This term refers to an increase in the final product is not due to increased areas of land or livestock, and through modernization of all processes, the introduction of the latest achievements of science and technology in agricultural business.
agrarian revolution in history
course, the agrarian revolution, each has its own specific features, according to the time when it took place.Historians identify four of the Revolution:
- Neolithic (occurred 10,000 years ago);
- Islamic (X century);
- British (XVIII century);
- "green" revolution (the twentieth century).
Neolithic agrarian revolution - are processes that accompanied the transition from human gathering to crop, from hunting to animal husbandry.At this time there are first cultivated varieties of wheat, barley, rice.In the same period there were the first attempts of domestication of wild animals.Scientists have so far recovered about seven major centers of origin of cultivated plants, among which stands out the Middle East.
Islamic agrarian revolution - is a fundamental change in the agrarian sector of the Arab Caliphate, which was accompanied by a powerful development of the natural sciences and zemlevedcheskih.Historians claim that in this era of globalization there is an active key crops.
British agrarian revolution dates back to the XVIII century.Some researchers have even allocate a separate item and Scottish agrarian revolution, which took place at the same time.British Revolution differed active introduction of new technologies, development of fertilizers, and so on. D. She was closely associated with the so-called scientific and technological revolution.
"Green" revolution
last of the agrarian revolution began about the middle of the twentieth century.Its main features can be called extensive use of fertilizers and pesticides, the development of new crop varieties and the introduction of modern technology.
Scientists believe that the reason for this push the agrarian revolution is the rapid growth of the world population.Thus, in the middle of the last century, sharply increased the demand for food, particularly in developing countries, where the "green revolution," manifests itself most clearly (Mexico, India, Colombia).At the same time the active use of fertilizers and pesticides, and triggered some of the environmental problems.The most serious of them - a fertile soil contamination.
In conclusion ...
History shows that none of the processes in the society does not go smoothly.And agriculture in this regard - is no exception.This industry has developed by leaps and bounds, and the abrupt and significant changes in the agriculture called agrarian revolution.
