In the past, the construction market has been available for a limited range of roofing materials.He was presented with slate, steel sheets and galvanized.But the situation has changed: now the buyer is not so easy to choose a roofing material for the roof, because the market there is a serious competition, and the range has expanded considerably.
Selection Criteria
Each type of material has its own characteristics, positively or negatively distinguishes it from others.Roofing roof in certain cases require different.The criteria for its selection following:
- operating conditions (expected load) .For its calculation takes the weight of the roof structure, with all its elements (rafters, battens, insulation, etc.).Taking into account the climatic conditions of the region, in particular the average wind force and precipitation (the weight of the snow cover).
- architectural solution. Draft project to determine the shape of the roof, under which selected the appropriate material for the roof.For example, if you decide to use ceramic tile, the architect must stick to the roof pitch of 30-35 degrees.This condition is to be observed for this material.
- period of operation, fire. roofing materials should be selected depending on the purpose of the building conditions.For example, for the outbuilding no need to use roofing materials for the roof, the price of which is relatively high.
durable materials Many of the materials for the roof have a warranty period which is valid only in case of compliance with proper installation techniques.In practice, the period of operation a few times more.Without repair, they have the following terms of service:
- bitumen corrugated sheets - 15-25 years;
- asbestos cement slabs (slate) - 30-40 years;
- metal - 30-50 years;
- soft tile - 30-50 years;
- folded roof - up to 50 years;
- corrugated board - up to 50 years;
- natural tile - up to 100 years;
- slate roof - 150-200 years.
On the market there are a huge number of similar products.However, not all types of roofing material for roofs have sufficient strength, durability, and good weatherability.It is understood as a strong resistance to frost, acidity air, corrosion, solar radiation.Calculation of roofing materials for the roof can be done alone or with the help of specialists.In general, its area divided by the area of individual elements of the material.Based on the obtained data, calculated necessary amount.
Ceramic tile
main component material - clay mass, which is treated in a special furnace at a temperature of 1000 degrees, so that it becomes red-brown.Before firing the ceramic tiles can be coated with a protective film, whereby precipitation removed more efficiently.The output is a tile measuring 30 by 30 cm and weighing 2 kg.This roofing material for the roof has several sub-Active, ribbon, single-wave, sheaves and other tiles.Recommended roof pitch for their application - from 25-35 to 60 degrees.It is important to observe the following recommendations:
- When the slope is less than 22 degrees, carefully carry out work to improve waterproofing and ventilation.
- At 22-60 degrees slope using standard fasteners.
- When the index is above 60 degrees, use additional mounting in the form of screws, nails.
Individual items of material are joined together by a system of locks.By furring tiles fastened thanks to special holes.Therefore, the upper elements of the material laid on the bottom, forming a continuous layer, eliminating any leakage.As already mentioned, its period of operation without repair up to 100 years.Tile used for roofs of houses made of brick, wood or stone of any height.Cost per square meter is usually from 25 to 50 dollars.Using roofing materials for the roof, the price of which is much less need to understand that their quality is appropriate.
shingles Advantages:
- minimum cost of maintaining a good condition (cleaning gutters, as well as local repair are carried out only once a year);
- noise reduction (sound of rain is almost not heard);
- resistance to corrosion;
- not be fire;
- high frost resistance;
- wide range of colors;
- presence of micropores, allowing the roof to "breathe."They enable the moisture that accumulates under the roof, eventually evaporate.
Disadvantages:
- great weight;
- low strength;
- technical difficulties with the installation of the material in complex designs.
Cement-sand tile
Due to the fact that ceramic tile has quite a lot of weight, she found a replacement, which was the cement-sand tile.It would greatly facilitate the design as a whole.This roofing material for roofs consist of cement, sand and iron oxide.The latter is a dye.Cement-sand tile visually virtually indistinguishable from ceramic.With its use of the slope of the roof should be 20-60 degrees.Lay tiles on a crate so that the elements of the previous row are offset by half the width.As mounts use nails that clog in the holes made at the factory during manufacture of the tile.
Advantages:
- resistance to the external environment;
- frost.
Disadvantages:
- massiveness (thickness - 10 mm);
- great material damage during improper transport (10%).
cement-sand tiles are also used for the roof as the wooden and brick houses of different heights.The cost of the material is 10-30 dollars / m2.It can provide the same decorative effect as ceramic tile, investing with less money.
Shingles
It is a glass fiber, which is on both sides of envelopes bitumen, forming a uniform flat surface.At its upper layer is applied posypku stone, and the lower - adhesive primer-adhesive for bonding to the base of the roof.These products are classified as "soft roofing materials for the roof."
sheet shingles has a size of 1 m 30 cm, respectively.Due to its flexibility, it can be repeated virtually any form of roof structure.The material used for roofs with a slope of more than 12 degrees (in a big way no restrictions).It requires the use of litter layer.It is laid across the roof on the crate, which can be represented with plywood or OSB waterproof.
Shingles is often used for decoration of houses, villas, public buildings.It is also often used as roofing material for the roof of the garage.
Advantages:
- material does not break during transportation and installation;
- not rust;
- does not rot, does not rust;
- have the opportunity to carry out a fast local repair at the lowest cost;
- no noise during precipitation.
Disadvantages:
- high risk of fire;
- material considered "second class";
- exposed to ultraviolet light;
- not be installed during the winter.
Metal
is a sheet of galvanized steel with polymer coating, play a protective role.Manufacturers produce material with a different number of layers.Metal is similar in texture to "ceramics", but this is not the tiles of small size, and the whole steel sheets with textured ribs.They are of different sizes, and their average thickness is 0.4 mm.
material is recommended for use on roofs with a slope of over 15 degrees.Against the background of the other, he stands Easy to mount to the crate metal roofing is secured by special roofing screws.Use it to almost any roof structures, ranging from kiosks and ending skyscrapers or industrial facilities.
For many, this is the best roofing material for the roof in terms of value for money (its cost is 2-3 times lower than the above two types of tiles).
Advantages:
- quick installation;
- low cost;
- light weight (3-5 kg / m2);
- strength (no damage during transportation).
Disadvantages material is its low noise insulation (rain and hail accompanied by a loud noise).
Slate
It is a cement-based material, the strength of which is increased asbestos fibers.It consists of 15% of korotkovolnistogo asbestos and 85% of Portland cement.Material produced in the form of rectangular sheets with wavy corrugation.They are placed in the lap sealing gasket and fastened to the sheathing with nails.This roofing material for the roof effectively doing its job when it is a bias in the range of 12-60 degrees.
Slate mainly used for sheds, summer kitchens and other buildings of little importance.Often, it is appropriate where you want to save (1 m2 costs $ 2-3).Modern roofing materials for the roof of a high quality and reliable, but their cost is much higher.
Advantages:
- relatively high strength;
- accessibility;
- can cut grinder.
Cons:
- fragile;
- unattractive;
- harmful to health;
- accumulates moisture (over time it appears the fungus, moss).
profiled sheeting
is the easiest roofing material.It is a profiled sheets of galvanized steel.Waves on them may have a trapezoidal, or rounded shape sinusoid.They make the material more attractive and easier docking his sheets.
for corrugated roof slope must be at least 10 degrees.Stack material crate from a bar with pergaminovoy gasket that improves waterproofing properties.Krepjat decking screws.
This material, as well as slate, laid overlapped with overlap of 200 mm or more.Use it as primarily for the construction of farm buildings.Use of material found in the construction industry (factories, supermarkets).
Advantages:
- easy installation;
- relative cheapness;
- long period of operation;
- sufficiently high flexural strength.
Disadvantages material is its low noise insulation.
seam roofing Steel
This coating of smooth sheet steel, allowing the water to flow freely even at a slight slant.Sheets can be galvanized, coated or not.Sloping roofs steel roofing should be 20 degrees.The elements are interconnected via hooks of adjacent sheets.The seam formed in this case is called a seam or rebate.
Advantages:
- does not burn;
- has an attractive appearance;
- flexibility;
- opportunity to work at a low temperature;
- light weight - 4.5 kg / m2.
Disadvantages:
- susceptibility to mechanical stress;
- need to further insulate the roof.
Roofing from natural materials
natural materials for roofing include straw, reeds, wood.In our time, their use is no exception to the rule.These eco-friendly materials are mainly used for restaurants, hotels and other institutions.You can use the new roofing materials for the roof, but the main task is to attract the attention of potential customers, so innovative solutions have the advantage.
Results
wide range of roofing materials can cause some problems.But they may occur only if the lack of knowledge.The first step is to study the properties of materials and their price range, after which choose the best option.
