unusual mushroom-shaped cleft cabbage belongs to the rare species.In nature, it is so rare that most countries protect him, poised in his Red Book.It grows in forests from August to November.Developed around on stumps and trees raspolzayas their protruding roots.
This parasitic fungus.Because it affects the trees red rot.For a man it is very useful.It is classified as edible mushrooms and used in medicine, because it is prepared serious drugs.For use in cooking and medicine, it is specially cultivated.
origin of the name
In an unusual mushroom shape is similar to a large cabbages cauliflower.Hence the popular name came from "hare cabbage."In Latin it is called Sparassis crispa (sparassis crispa).In English the name of its sound as "mushroom-brain", "mushroom-frills", "mushroom cauliflower."Russia has made its name fungal or cleft cabbage.
Areal
area of ​​distribution of the fungus is quite extensive.It is rarely found in an area stretching from Europe to Sakhalin.He likes the soil, in the north Caucasus and Georgia.In addition, the fungal cabbage or curly sparasis, native to North American forests.Suitable for its habitat and conditions of Russian forests.However, it is seldom detected.
He prefers to settle in natural ecosystems, which are formed around the pines, larch, oak and beech.Its fruiting bodies are held snugly in the decrepit stumps or trees bare rhizomes.They are easily confused with other edible sea sparassisov, preferring to inhabit spruce forests.In Sparassis nemecii whitish color of fruiting bodies, and their branches are missing teeth.
morphology mushroom cabbage
Mushrooms, developing, reach generously sized.Some of them grow up to 50 centimeters, and sometimes more in diameter and weigh several kilograms (there is even desyatikilogrammovye giants).However, among these giants is more common mushroom sprouts with annual fruit bodies with a diameter ranging from 5 to 30 centimeters.
structure of fruiting bodies is quite simple.To brief the central branching staghorn hemp attached blades.Their tips crown is turned vague funnel-cap.
hats size is small, only 1-3 centimeters.Their wavy edge, wrapped, often dissected.Center caps, first milk-white, eventually darkening to shades of brown, bare smooth or rough surface varies from dark cream-colored to pale brown, and even before the intense ocher tones.
color fleshy-leathery white fabric.Drying up, it goes into the horn-waxy consistency.Rare mushroom orpin exudes a pleasant scent and has a wonderful flavor.In whitish or greyish cream Hymenophore waxy consistency.Cystidium absent.In neamiloidnyh, hyaline, shirokoellipsoidalnyh dispute in the bottom of the short and kosoottyanutyh walls slightly thickened.
Technology mushroom cultivation
cabbage cultivation technology cleft cabbage thoroughly fulfilled Japanese and Americans.They have patented some cultivated varieties.The main difference between varietal mushrooms is ripening period (55-80 days), and the color palette of fruiting bodies - variations of white and cream shades.
excellent mushroom sprouts growing on sterilized substrates.Prepare them by mixing sawdust with wheat bran.This produces a good yield.3 kg of the substrate rises to 800 g of fruit bodies.
Use sparassis crispa
Traditional medicine is widely used and Fungoterapiya hare cabbage.Its fruiting bodies are saturated polysaccharides with inherent anti-tumor and immunomodulatory activity.They contain a natural antibiotic that can suppress the development of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus.
Besides, they contain antimicrobial bioactive components.They treat cancer (particularly melanoma and sarcoma).In gynecology it means on the basis sparassis crispa relieve hormonal disorders, treat benign and cancerous tumors.It is included in special diets.Fungal cabbage as an active component added to the formulations used to treat all types of diabetes, and viral hepatitis.
Another mushroom cleft sprouts used in dietetics.Its reduced calorie contributes to successful weight loss.Because it leads to permanent reduction in weight, they treat obesity.This body is not deprived of vital importance to it of minerals and amino acids.
Use mushroom cabbage cooking
Overgrown mushroom try not to use in cooking.They are quite hard and have a bitter taste.For cooking suitable young mushrooms.Their texture and taste similar to morels.They are excellent fried, boiled and dried.Good mushroom cleft sprouts as an additive in any dish.With him make excellent soups, salads, appetizers and main dishes.
salads Traders in the markets often sell these mushrooms, offering them pickled.However, the need to be attentive to their choice.They are easily confused with other species of fungi - Tremella, available in an assortment bazaar has collapsed.
