The source of the Amur is considered to be the confluence of the Shilka and Argun in the Trans-Baikal Territory.There are many ridges, valleys where streams flow multiple.On the tops and gentle slopes of granite and sandstone grows sparse larch taiga.
origins and for
length from the source to the point where the flows of the Amur - 2824 kilometers.The height of the area along the flow varies.The first 900 kilometers - a plateau, where the channel is not fit for navigation.At the same time there are many small tributaries.In the area of Blagoveshchensk begin numerous loops and lowlands."Krivun" are local attractions to amaze tourists.
between Blagoveshchensk and Khabarovsk drift and lowlands.Here - a major tributary of the Zeya.Some experts tend to believe that the Amur - Zeya inflow as at the confluence of the last track is wider and brimming.Anyway, the debate on this matter continues today.
The lower portion has a strong bogs.In the area surrounding the mouth, which flows into the Amur River, to waterproof clays are grass and moss-grassy wetlands.Peat bogs in the north of Khabarovsk Krai form Mari.It bogs with infrequent larches.
Mouth
in which direction the river flows Cupid?Where runs one of the longest waterways of the country?The first question can be answered with confidence that the east.At the same waters we have to make some major turns in the course of its flow, as well as replace several climatic and physiographic zones.This forest-steppe, steppe, and even semi-desert.
Regarding the second question, there are several points of view about where the river empties into the Amur.It ends the estuary of the same name.Thanks to fresh water salinity is relatively low (about 10%), while that in the Sea of Okhotsk hovers around 30%.
Amur estuary belongs to the Sea of Okhotsk and the Sea of Japan.For example, local experts are advocates of the first theory, which is reflected in various encyclopedias and reference books of the USSR and Russia.At the same time abroad popular second point of view - on the Sea of Japan (International Hydrographic Organization, and so on. D.).
Near the mouth, which flows into the Amur River, is the city of Nikolaevsk-on-Amur.Until 1926 it was called Nicholas and received its name in honor of Emperor Nicholas I, in whose reign was founded.Until 1870 it was the main port in the Russian Far East, where he had also moved to Vladivostok.
Pool
rivers flowing into the Amur River, form a vast pool.Only 54% of its area is located in Russia, another 44% - in China, the remaining 2% - in Mongolia.The river itself can be divided into three sections: the top, to the influx of the Zeya, the average before the Ussuri River, and the lower - to the mouth.
total basin area equals 1,855,000 km2.For this indicator, the Amur is in fourth place among the rivers of Russia, behind the Yenisei, Ob and Lena.The largest river of the European part of the country - the Volga, Far East inferior artery, with basin area at 1,361 thousand km2.
Climate and minerals
Because of the climate in the course of the year the water level fluctuates considerably.Thus, the monsoon rains are about 75% of annual runoff.Periodic flooding of the floodplain can reach 10-30 kilometers.That's why the power of Cupid - rain.
More recently, in 2013, torrential rains caused massive flooding of human settlements and a large-scale evacuation.Killing more than a hundred people, thousands more injured.According to meteorologists, these natural disasters occur is not more than once every hundred years.
local waters are covered with ice in the second decade of November.Spring showdown takes place in April.Approximate navigation season equals 150-170 days.
Nedra near the place where the Amur flows, as well as the depth of the river, rich in gifts of nature.These are minerals like iron ore, coal, antimony, tin, lead, gold, molybdenum, lead and graphite.A large number of chalk, limestone, marble, cement raw materials, and so on. D.
borderline situation where several adjacent natural areas, enriched Cupid variety of fish.For example, the local salmon resides in water that is optimum for it.And the slightest excess of its already makes the environment unfit for his life.In contrast, for the local tropical fish water - the coldest of the suitable for normal life.This amazing combination of local residents is due to the biological characteristics of the fish species.Protein these organisms varies according to the temperature of the water indicators, unlike mammals, such as mammals.
Places
on the plot from its origins to the place where the river flows into the Amur, there are several cities.It Amursk (founded in 1958), Blagoveshchensk (1856), Khabarovsk (1858), Komsomolsk-on-Amur (1932), Nikolaevsk-on-Amur (1850).This Blagoveshchensk is the administrative center of the Jewish Autonomous Region and Khabarovsk - center of the same region (regions).A major role in the development of these lands at the time played the Cossacks, who were local Russian pioneers.Often, their way of life consisted of huts hastily set among desert and swamps others.Such buildings XVII-XVIII centuries.is a local landmark (for example, in Nikolaevsk-on-Amur).
curious distinguishing feature lies in the fact that this waterway along significant portion is the state border between Russia and China.Historically, until the XVII century, the land in the lower reaches of the river is under the jurisdiction of China.On the right bank of the Amur and Chinese are also cities such as Heihe.
Etymology
all those areas where the stems, which flows into the Amur, at various times belonged to different peoples and civilizations.In this regard, the river was of those or other names.Russian version appeared as onomatopoeia local Tungus languages, translated from the place name which means "great river."
Chinese call the waterway "Black River", in other words, Heihe.It is connected with the local mythology.Once in these waters lived a dragon in black.Anatomy of the body of a mythical creature symbolizes the river tributaries that are "legs" of the flying kite.
