first association begs to answer the question of what is sold in bottles, almost all the same - wine.
Although the Russians often mention vodka and beer, representing a clear glass bottle.Later recalled milk bottle polutoralitrovye PET lemonade, household chemicals in plastic, sunflower oil and solvent.
Historical background
for storage and transport of oil and wine representatives and ancient civilizations have used animal skins and carved wooden containers and ceramic vessels.The prototype of the modern bottles were, of course, the ancient Egyptian amphora: vertical narrow-necked vessels to carry and store both wine and beer, and oil.
Glass containers for storage of liquids has been applied more than three thousand years ago (1700 BC. E.).Glass containers made from quartz paste.The process was complicated, time-consuming and lengthy.And only when the blowpipe was invented (1-2 century BC. E.), The process became easier.The Romans mastered the production of glass products, improving the shape and capacity of the vessels.
After the 13th century Venetian masters crossed products abroad and became in demand wherever there was need for the storage and transport of liquids, although they were quite fragile.
In the 17th century the British patented oven for coal firing.Glass became stronger, became possible in the oven roasting dark bottles.Winemakers immediately recognized this and, accordingly, immediately patented the first bottle of wine (1661, England).
Why glass?
advantages of glass in front of the clay are obvious: higher abrasion resistance, lower brittleness, almost complete transparency.High transportability provided cheap manufacturing process (machine for the production of glass was patented in 1901) became dominant in the dissemination of glass.Hygienic, easy to clean, any density and color - these benefits were added to the main and glass packaging has become indispensable.
is sold in glass bottles winemakers today?
patented bottle of wine since the 17th century has not undergone major changes.
most popular and mass considered Bordeaux bottle, it can be easily recognized by their characteristic and shoulders of the concave bottom.It is used for bottling of red and white wines.
Burgundian bottles for more characteristic sloping shoulders, it is the second largest glass containers for wine.
pull up a bottle of Burgundy called "Flute", it was first released in Germany.
famous bottle of sparkling wine was invented (according to legend, producer of sparkling wines "Dom Perignon") monk Pierre Perignon.The peculiarity of this container is the thickness of the walls, special capping and weighted bottom.
Containers for vodka and spirits
During the years of Soviet power the country's inhabitants are not disturbed from the brevity of the proposed forms of glass, which poured vodka, brandy and rum.Sale of vodka was organized on the back of glass containers: the population dirty bottles taken, then they washed off the label, made in special washing machines, but then again, a bottle filled with vodka.Typical containers are transparent and dark green bottles - 0.5 liter, at least 0.25.
vodka manufacturers today offer the imagination not just the unusual content and titles, but also the form.The traditional glass bottles Soviet go by the wayside, giving way to design the form design with monogram and colorful label.The most common packaging today negotiable.
Beer: glass or PET
traditional container for beer after beer mug glass bottle is considered to be: white, transparent, green, dark brown.Before 1970, it was claimed by the glass for bottling beer.
Production of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) has become unconditional alternative to heavy glass.Weight plastic container for beer (and other beverages) 0.5 L - only 28 grams, and glass weighs 350 grams.
manufacturers of PET bottles to the merits of the packaging and include low cost, and ease of handling, and aesthetics, and recyclability.
Disadvantages of PET containers
barrier properties of PET bottles do not allow liquids stored in containers for a long time.This is due to the fact that the smaller size molecules gas (oxygen and carbon dioxide) can easily penetrate sufficiently high molecular chain structure of polyethylene terephthalate.Nor is it a barrier for UV rays.
Therefore, the properties of carbonated beverages vary.In Germany, beer bottles of polyethylene terephthalate can be used only for two weeks.Domestic manufacturers put great tolerances - up to four months.
is sold in bottles made of polyethylene terephthalate, except beer?
company "PepsiCo" first to use such packaging for soft drinks.In 1974, in Novorossiysk this company was built factory for the production of PET bottles.
business of producing such a container is considered one of the most popular and profitable: high turnover with minimum investment allows you to receive a stable income.The proportion of the cost of the bottles in the final price says this: 90% of the price of mineral water is the cost of the container.
in Russia at the moment when filling PET demand of whole - and dairy products, vegetable oils and juices.For jelly and oils standard capacity - 0.9-1 l.Bottled juices released from 0.1 liter to 1 liter.
bottled mineral water in Russia is less demand in the glass containers than PET.This is due to the seasonality of consumption and advertising stereotype imposed a relatively new product for the Russian public (since 1990).
Plastic bottles and aluminum where and why
the question: "What is sold in bottles made of plastic?" - The answer is clear: household chemicals, cosmetics and paint industry.
impossible to imagine a kitchen without any bottles with different zhirosmyvatelyami and stain removers.Huge selection of shampoos, gels, conditioners in plastic or aluminum bottles is striking.
automotive and construction paints, enamels, Kohler produced by manufacturers not only in large containers, but also for the mass customer in a plastic container.
