Historians are not agreed as to how clothes looked Russian Slavonic era, since at that time the tribes lived mainly away from the trade routes, often in a wooded area and isolation.However, there are suggestions that the clothes in those days were simple and rather monotonous.The latter is caused by the fact that the cottage industry of fabric was at that time quite time-consuming, since there was virtually no technical means for the production of items of clothing.
Pro old clothing remained little information
Public Education Ancient Rus, clothing populations are becoming more diverse as contact with other people, started to take shape in the ninth century AD.Prior to this period, the data about the appearance of the Slavs as low as items of clothing at the time were made of natural materials, organic residues which are not stored for a long time.Also, keep in mind that in the 6-9 century AD at the Slav was the custom to burn the body before burial, so in cemeteries are largely remnants of melted metal ornaments or items of clothing.Archaeologists lucky only a few times when they, for example, during excavations in Staraya Ladoga found the remains of skin that will restore the appearance of gloves and the like boots, stockings, worn by our ancestors.
to fight in the same pants
in foreign written sources until the 10th century AD, there is no mention of how to look Slavic and Russian clothes.This is not written nor Byzantine authors or Arab sources.Only P. Kesarsky mentioned in the sixth century that the Slavs (the Balkans) go to battle in the same style pants shortened, without cloak or tunic top.Later, when the Slavs gained a new version of writing, the scientists on the basis of written sources an opportunity to determine how look at the time people are in any case the most eminent of them.
kings wore shirts
What were those under whose control is an ancient Rus?Clothing Prince Svyatoslav Yaroslavovych shown in the image Izbornik in 1073, has a simple cut.It's a long, below the knee, a shirt, which draped over the top coat with a zip on the shoulder.At the head of the prince hat, presumably with fur trim, sharp-nosed boots on his feet.Members of his family, standing nearby, also wear a shirt tied with belts.The wife of Svyatoslav shirt almost to the floor, her head scarf.Children's clothing on a small child is a miniature copy of the adult.The sons of Yaroslav the similarity dressed in coats with collars, and, most likely, were the so-called "ports" - rather narrow pants with strings on the hips.Items of clothing in the image are painted in a reddish-brown tone.
Clothing was made on a loom
Experts suggest that the light clothing of Kievan Rus in the mass was white as prehistoric times Slavs produced wardrobe items from flax and hemp, which gave white fiber (or grayish, with insufficient bleaching).Already in 6-9 centuries tribes of Northern Russia knew what type of vertical loom, and in the south found items belonging to ages 9-10, who testified about the opportunity to work on a horizontal loom.
addition to linen and hemp fabrics, Slavs actively used and wool, the remains of which were found in the East Slavic mounds.In addition, due to the climatic characteristics of the huge popularity enjoyed fur clothing.The tailors of the time already has the ability to stitch together multiple skins for large items.On the "coat" is most often were the skins of wolves, bears, sheep, and finishing (lining) was made of sable, otter, beaver, squirrel, weasel, marten.Of course, in expensive furs walked only members of the nobility.In Russia, they were able to handle a variety of animals and leather (tanning plant elements, and others.), So men's clothing Russia included waist belts, gloves and leather shoes (for some members of the population).Slavs often wore leather hides from cows or goats than from horse hides.
Even in the cold, probably wore sandals
What was shod Ancient Russia?Clothes made of natural materials, most of the population here in the cold season ... supplemented bast shoes on their feet and coils, which are the oldest type of footwear (in the summer is likely to go barefoot).Special hooks for weaving bast archaeologists find another Neolithic site, so most likely, these models were Slavs and ancient Slavs.Bast manufactured as expected from the bark of different species of trees and were very neiznosostoykimi.In the later period, it was found that in winter, a man wears sandals ten days, and during the summer harvest season - less than a week.Nevertheless, even such footwear marched the Red Army in the 30s of the 20th century, and the workpiece in the bast military uses special commission - "Chekvolap."
in the church - only in Slavic clothes!
Slavs, which was inhabited by ancient Russia (clothes and shoes that do not differ by more range), yet respectful of its simple wardrobe.For example, the "Word of Daniel the Exile" stated that "it would be better we have seen his foot in lychenitse (bast) in your home than in a dark red boots on Boyarsky Dvor".A leader of the Czech Slavs itself is known for having not started up to their reception after the German King Dagobert, until he changed into Slavic clothes.The same fate befell the representative of the bishop, the German Gerimanna that before Triglav visit the temple in the town of bristle, was changed into Slavic coat and hat (1124 BC. E.).
Women have always loved jewelry
about how women's clothing appeared in Russia in the beginning of the birth of Russian statehood, archaeologists find it difficult to say.It is assumed that it is not a style very different from men's shirts, but was perhaps more richly decorated with embroidery and longer.On the head women were pre-images kokoshniks, temporal rings on the neck - often blue or green glass beads.Less commonly encountered bracelets, rings.In winter, the ladies wore fur coats and capes with strings, such as aprons - "ponyavy" who defended the lower body back and sides.Their presence has been recorded in the 11th century AD.
Effect of other states
As developing contacts between other countries and states of ancient Rus, clothing Slavs became more diverse with new fabrics, borrowing styles and the division of society into different layers.For example, in pre-Mongol Russia (10-13 century), the appearance of the Russian nobility longer corresponded to the Byzantine tradition with their long flowing shirts, coat with buckles.And the common people, particularly women, this trend emphasizes the "apron" - a simple piece of cloth, folded in half, with a hole for the head, which he put on his shirt and girded basic (side seams at the apron was not).On holidays the ladies wore "navershniki" fabric with embroidery that are worn over a shirt or apron and represented a tunic without a belt with wide sleeves.Almost all of Kievan Rus clothing worn over the head and had their own collar (were false).
Clothing Mongol warriors
Mongol invasion left a certain drawing in the material culture, which influenced the way, what was the clothes on Russia in the next century.Many items of clothing Mongolian soldiers were then at Russian men, including boots with felt stockings, a hat with earflaps, coat of two layers of fur (external and internal), bloomers's coat, skullcap (tafi), belts, sashes, etc..
Thedifferent clothes from the clothes Moscow Rus Kievan Rus?
Clothing 15th century when the Tatar-Mongol yoke was overthrown and Russia was the Moscow principality, has changed in accordance with the era, but mainly for the boyars, the nobility and the townspeople.During this period, the suit retains the basic features of the costume of Kievan Rus - shirt and ports for men neotreznoy cutting items of clothing, a considerable length, but there are signs of new fashion.These include, in particular, can be attributed to the presence of the wardrobes swing clothing.The women she unbuttons to bottom, men - to the waist and was supplied at first clasp "butt" by the hinge pins.Later he formed the right approach from the top floor to the left, which was explained by the convenience of fasteners for men saber battles.
Fake sleeves and embroidery in gold
Around this period, non-functional elements appear in the clothes of the nobility.These include multi-frame folding collars and sleeves, which, for example on ohabne, tied at the back, emphasizing the fact that the owner of the clothes is not engaged in hard labor.Rich people can wear a few layers of clothing, even in the hot season.This wardrobe items were often completely fastened on the fastener.The latter led to the fact that clothes were a lot of items of jewelry levels, including pearls jewelery, precious stones, gold and silver embroidery wire, buttons made of gold, silver, enamel and precious stones.
were in Russian wardrobe that time and objects that might emphasize some or other properties of the shape.These include waist bag purse ("Kalita"), which the soldiers were at the waist while a slim figure, and the boyars - on the hips with a significant overlap of clothing, as the fullness in this environment very highly valued as a sign of full life.
looked like children's clothing period of Muscovite Russia - is unknown.Most likely, it was again a simplified copy of the adult models.But samples of ladies' fashion of the time inspired many artists to create beautiful masterpieces (Korovin, Repin, Surikov).At the heart of all the wardrobe again lay a shirt, extended downwards by wedges (width could reach up to 6 meters below!).It was made from cotton or silk fabrics (the common people - again from flax) and collected by the neck.
Fashionable suit ... weighing in at 15 kilograms
Over the shirt was worn sundress of bright cloth embroidered with a vertical stripe in the middle, which is held on narrow and often tied with straps under the chest.The top women's clothing in the 16th century, Russia was represented by "dushegreya" of bright fabric, which also rested on the shoulders straps.In the days of the Moscow Russia ladies continued to wear vintage clothing items - ponevu, apron, apron and others. Representatives of the wealthy families wore "Letnik," often with a beaver collar necklace telogreyu fur.From hats were popular, "Kika" - covered with a cloth wrap and kokoshnik in winter - cap with trim.The clothes were almost always noblewoman nepritalennymi sewn from expensive fabrics with many embroideries, and their weight can reach up to 15 kilograms.This dress lady was a static, extent, partly monumental figure, which corresponds to the fashion and norms of behavior of the time.
Clothing 17th century in Russia in general was similar to the clothing of the previous centuries, but there were also some new features.These include the entry into vogue wide sleeves prisborennoe on the wrist of female shirts, widespread shushunov - sundresses, which were sewn back two false long sleeves.Historians point out that the 17th century came the fashion for decoration strip hem sundress and its disappearance from the front cloth.Foreign fashion Rus during this period concerned the little popularity enjoyed only new fabrics and some elements, like the Polish coat.It should be noted that Russian society is actively opposed the introduction of Peter the Great in the early 18th century "German" fashion, as proposed outfits, hairstyles and way of life did not correspond to the centuries-old way of and trends in the Russian clothing.
