Surely many more school years memorable phrase "Tushino thief".What was meant by that nickname Lzhedmitry 2, most of the lessons learned at the country's history.
biography impostor
still not aware of the name, nor the origin of this mysterious individual.There are only a very cautious and practically unfounded assumptions about who in reality was an impostor False Dmitry 2. biography is a "white spot".According to one version, he was the son of the priest.Another source tells us that Lzhedmitry 2 had Jewish roots in the province of seedy, but there are no reliable data.Talking about such personalities as Lzhedmitry 2 briefly, we can say with confidence: the adventurism that is inherent to any Russian person, as well as exposure to another's influence in his life played a pernicious role.
impostor appeared in the summer of 1607 in Starodub.All his short life was held in local skirmishes and wars.Strategy Falsdmitry 2 based on the version that his predecessor survived the uprising in Moscow.In spite of the cunning, he was less fortunate.Board Falsdmitry 2 did not take place, since he was unable to get to the capital to be crowned.His main hope was the troops of Ivan Bolotnikov.Pretender believed that they help to capture Moscow, but substantial assistance Bolotnikov could not provide.
Policy
in piggy wins Falsdmitry 2 numbers only local short-term triumphs.It is surprising the fact that he is able to put under the banners even minor forces.The path for his steps to the goal, he began with a hike to the Belarusian city - Prapojsk and Starodub.Demonstrating courage impostor introduced Dimitri Ioannovich.In a short time he was able to gain the trust of a large number of people and gather in their environment soldiers of the Polish gentry, the Treasury, as well as rebels Ivan Bolotnikov.Under the guidance of this dubious group of subjects received popped towards Bryansk and then to Tula.The first triumphs inspired the army.During the siege of the capital of half the local nobility over to the False Dmitry 2, which claimed the Russian throne.Having won over Vasily Shuisky, the impostor defeated near Khimki on Presnya.Nevertheless, he managed to organize a camp near Moscow Tushino.It formed a local Boyar Duma, began to operate its schedule and orders.2 Dmitrii controlled territory north of Moscow, he was obedient to such major cities like Vladimir, Yaroslavl, Vologda, Suzdal, Rostov.After the capture of the last troops were brought in Tushino prisoner Metropolitan Filaret Romanov, which proclaimed him patriarch.Considerable support was popular excitement, dissatisfaction with the authorities backed by the boyars and Basil Shuisky.
Strengthening position
Meanwhile, in the pursuit of power and easy profits in July 1608 in Tushino arrived Marina Mniszek, is the official widow Falsdmitry 1. Under the terms of the armistice agreement with the Poles it was released into the wild.On that occasion, in the "Tushino thief" a woman recognized her husband, who was allegedly miraculously escaped.Of course, this fact once again confirmed the status of a lying impostor in the eyes of others.Subsequently, the couple secretly married and had a son.
Power Polish invaders
The country was finally set to anarchy.In Tushino yard divide and conquer the Poles.It is in their hands was the management, they corrected their puppet action: policy Falsdmitry 2 was completely controlled by the Poles.Using this, the Poles willingly robbed and devastated ordinary peasants.Endless robbery raids began to run into armed response of the townspeople and peasants.
In the period from September 1608 for January 1610 forces of Poland and Lithuania kept besieged Holy Trinity Monastery.Despite the difficult situation, the defenders of the monastery managed to repel any enemy attack and to defend the shrine.
Polish invaders in 1609 made an attempt to capture Smolensk, but it was not successful.Also, it was not possible to sit on the throne of his Russian Prince - Wladyslaw.
inglorious end
Through the efforts of a remarkable military leader and strategist superior - MV Skopin-Shumsky2 Falsdmitry plans were upset.In 1609 the Tushino camp eventually collapsed.The assembled rabble did not want anyone to obey, just like all the easy money.2 Dmitrii found no choice but to flee to Kaluga.But even there he could not find salvation: the death of the impostor found in the Kaluga region, where he was shot dead by his own servitor - AP Urusov
Meanwhile, the fate of Ivan Bolotnikov, who supported Falsdmitry 2, was no less sad.He was first blinded and then killed by a blow on the head with clubs.Bolotnikova lifeless body was dropped into the hole.
Chronology
Thus, if we analyze the way that was Lzhedmitry 2, briefly, there are several basic steps:
-1607 year - the emergence of an impostor, introduced survivors Falsdmitry 1;
- 1608 - the formation of its own army from the remnants of various kinds;
-11 May 1608 - the defeat of government forces under the leadership of Shumsky, education Tushino camp, capture new land;
-1609 year - the emergence of discord in the camp, the weakening of the False Dmitry 2;
-1610 Year - the dissolution of the Tushino camp, fleeing Falsdmitry 2 in Kaluga;
-11 December 1610 - the murder of an impostor betrayed him Peter Urusov.
Location Falsdmitry 2 remains unknown, but it is believed that they are in one of the churches in Kaluga.
