verbs are conjugated in the French language is almost as difficult as in Russian.The endings vary for each person, number, time.
French Verbs: Group
There are three groups of conjugation of verbs, each with its own rules.Verbs of the first two groups are inclined to the same rules for all the verbs within each group.Although there are small nuances.The third group includes verbs that are not included in the first two, and feature a variety of forms.It is necessary to learn their conjugation, whereas the verbs of the first and the second group can be identified by certain characteristics, to determine which group is true conjugate of the general rules.What are these signs?Simplified: the type depends on the conjugation verb endings.
The first group includes verbs with endings -er.This is the largest group with the sole exception.The verb aller - is to go to the third group.
The second group includes verbs with endings -ir.It is about three hundred French verbs.It should be borne in mind that there are verbs that end in -ir, but are, nevertheless, the third group - can be found in Tables irregular verbs.
verbs of the first and second group are inclined by adding endings to the base word.The very basis never changes.
The third group consists of irregular (or irregular) verbs.They tend not exactly the same, however, despite the fact that most students find the subject difficult conjugation of many of these verbs is easy enough to remember.The fact that this group includes, inter alia, the most popular words of the French language, which, like the English verb to be - and have to have - to have performed a service role and are used very often.Important: only verbs of this group may vary basis.Uniform rules of change there, but these verbs can be broken down further into sub-groups: 1) verbs, the basis of which varies without any system - there are very few;2) verbs that have changed the basis of only in the plural, in the third person;3) verbs which there are two bases - for singular and plural.
How to conjugate a verb now?
First you need to include a verb in one of the groups, and then follow the rules of conjugation below.
Group 1. conjugate the verb écouter - listen.
Je (I) -e.For example: J'écoute de la musique la nuit.- I listen to music at night.
Tu (You) -es.For example: Tu m'écoutes?- Are you listening to me?
Il / elle (He / She) -e.For example: Il écoute la radio.- He listens to the radio.
Nous (We) -ons.For example, Nous écoutons chanter les oiseaux.- We listen to the birds sing.
Vous (You) -ez.For example: Vous écoutez le silence.- You listen to the silence.
Ils / elles (They) -ent.For example: Ils écoutent mes histories.- They listen to my stories.
It is worth to note that some verb conjugation when possible doubling of the last consonant in the word-based.There is another "special" verb ending in -er - envoyer (send).Despite the fact that he is leaning on the rules, its base varies greatly, which is why experts are arguing about which group is better to carry.Also on the -er ending another famous verb - aller, but it is without a doubt belongs to the third group, as tends quite differently than members of the third group.
Group 2. popular conjugate the verb choisir - choose.
Je (I) - issis.For example: Je choisis une robe rouge.- I choose a red dress.
Tu (You) - issis.For example: Tu choisis une robe longue.- You choose a long dress.
Il / elle (He / She) - issit.For example: Il choisit ses compagnons.- He chooses his comrades.
Nous (We) - issons.For example: Nous choisissons la liberté.- We choose freedom.
Vous (You) - issez.For example: Vous choisissez un conseiller financiers.- You select a financial advisor.
Ils / elles (They) - issent.For example: Ils choisissent le vélo.- They choose cycling.
Note that plural verbs of the second group have the same end, and that the first verb, but added an element -iss.
3rd group. to remember the conjugation of verbs such as avour - have, être - to be, lire - read, mettre - put.They are conjugated by the rules.
further analyze the examples of how lean irregular verbs groups.
- Irregular verbs ending in -ir.For example, dormir - sleep.I do not sleep.- Je ne dors pas bien / You sleep - Tu dors / He sleeps on his back - Il dort sur le dos / We sleep - Nous dormons .Are you sleeping?- Dormez -vous?They sleep in shifts.- Ils dorment à tour de rôle.The same must be added to the end of the basics of other verbs in this group, discarding the end, for example, in the word mentir (lie) will be the basis ment-.
In separate group verbs ending in 1) -endre, -ondre.For example, vendre - selling;2) -uire.For example, construire - building;3) -aindre, -oindre, -eindre.For example, plaindre - sorry.
How to conjugate the verb past tense
Note that in French the last three times.Conjugation of verbs in each of them need to analyze separately.Two-time (Passé composé and Plus-que-parfait) are complex, and the conjugation of verbs is carried out by means of an auxiliary verb: the scheme auxiliary verb (avoir and être), plus the past participle.For example, try to change one sentence, above - "I choose a red dress.""I chose a red dress" will be «J'ai choisi une robe rouge», where J'ai - pronoun with a modified auxiliary verb and choisi - communion.
verbs in the simple past tense lean as well as verbs in the present tense - by joining the basis of word endings:
Je (I) - ais.For example: Je dansais.- I danced.
Tu (You) - ais.For example: tu dormais.- Did you sleep.
Il / elle (He / She) - ait.For example: Il ronflait.- He snored.
Nous (We) - ions.For example: Nous chantions.- We sang.
Vous (You) - iez.For example: Vous clamiez.- You complain.
Ils / elles (They) - aient.For example: Ils volaient - you fly.
note that there is no division into groups.The end of the simple past tense of verbs are the same for all.
How to conjugate the verb future tense
The simple future tense verbs are conjugated by a fairly simple scheme: take the infinitive and add it to the end of the verb avoir - to have.For example, the first person verb avoir is ending ai, therefore je volerai - lie down, je viendrai - come, j'appellerai - will call.However, there are a number of verbs that are best considered separately - they are in the future tense are special forms.In addition, some of the words of the last consonant is doubled (j'appellerai).
How better to teach the conjugation of verbs?
Guide
- Remember personal pronouns.First you need to learn them, and only then look at the table of verb conjugation.
- acquainted with the principles of classification of verbs in different groups.It organizes not only knowledge, but also learn to allow the foundation to allocate verb.
- gradually acquainted with the rules of verb conjugation, moving from the first to the third group.That is, first memorizing seven terminals inherent to the first group of verbs in the present tense, and then - a second, and then can gradually absorb the verbs of the third group, in turn, breaking them into subgroups.It is also gradually get acquainted with the endings for different times.These small "pieces" of information stored easily.In the course of memory required to practice, for example, take any verb and the first group to conjugate it.When all the rules learned, you can practice the conjugation of taking any random verb.
As you can see, the basic principle of - gradually.Go to the next step only mastered the previous one.
Here is an example of how to conjugate a verb.We take any verb from exercise or dictionary.For example, the verb "to water» - arroser.Judging by the end of the verb refers to the first group.Therefore, at the present time would be: I water - Je arrose, you watered - Tu arroses, He pours - Il arrose, it pours - Elle arrose, We water - Nous arrosons, you water - Vous arrosez, they watered - Ils arrosent.
