Degrees of comparison of adjectives in the English language - one of the most accessible for the understanding of the grammar.Most students quickly learn that discipline forms of adjectives and the area of their use.This is due to the fact that in this topic, you can draw a clear analogy with the Russian language.
So, there are three degrees of comparison of adjectives in the English language, of which it is worth paying attention to only two.
1. Positive, "the big orange".In fact, it is a neutral form of the adjective.On comparison of the question.
2. Comparison: "This orange larger than normal oranges."
3. Excellent "is the biggest dog in the world."
Thus, we have three forms of the adjective: big, bigger, biggest.
Many adjectives in Russian can have two lexical forms to express the same degree of comparison.For example, "beautiful" and "the most beautiful".Their meaning is not different.It is about the same: an object is beautiful nastolko that competitors had not.
However, in the English language this duality is almost there.Each adjective has only one form of expression of one degree of comparison.Although there are a few words that have two forms, however, and the meaning of words in such cases quite clearly different: far, near, old, late.
example: far (far) - farer (more distant) - farest (ultimate) - used when it comes to distance.But
: far - further (continued) - furthest (most distant) - these forms are used when we say "further", implying some sort of sequence, not the distance.
consider more degrees of comparison of adjectives in English.The exercises help you learn about them, is very simple: first try to decline any words, and then make them their own suggestions.
So, for the formation of the comparison between the English used two options:
1. endings -er, -est receive:
- monosyllabic, that is short, adjectives, consisting of one syllable: high tower (tallest tower)- higher tower (a high tower) - highest tower (the highest tower);
- two-syllable adjectives ending -y (this ending is transformed into -i).Examples: busy woman (busy woman) - busier woman (a busy woman) - busiest woman (the busiest woman):
- two-syllable adjectives ending -ow.Examples: narrow river (narrow river) - narrower river (a narrow river) - narrowest river (the narrowest river);
- two-syllable adjectives ending -le.Examples: gentle reader (understanding the reader) - gentler reader (a reader understands) - gentlest reader (the most intelligent reader);
- two-syllable adjectives ending -er.Examples: tender heart (tender heart) - tenderer heart (more than a gentle heart) - tenderest heart (the most tender heart);
- adjectives of two syllables with the accent on the second.Examples: polite boy (a polite boy) - politer boy (a polite boy) - politest boy (most polite boy);
- three-syllable adjectives with prefix un-.Examples: unclear question (an ambiguity) - unclearer question (more obscure question) - unclearest question (most obscure question.)
2. Degrees of comparison of adjectives in the English language are formed using extra words more (more), most (most) and the opposite in meaning less (less) and least (the least).This scheme forms the shape:
- all two-syllable adjectives, other than those included in the above rule.For example: boring - boring.It has two syllables, but the impact is the first syllable.Therefore: boring lecture (boring lecture) - more boring lecture (a boring lecture) - most boring lecture (the most boring or dull lecture);
- all polysyllabic adjectives.For example: independent people (independent people) - more independent people (more independent people) - most independent people (most independent people).
There are exceptions.These are the following words: good (good), the bad (bad), much (much, many), small (little).They have degrees of comparison in the formation of the root changes.
Examples:
comparative degree of comparison of adjectives in English:
This cheese is better than one.- This cheese is better than that.
Red dress worse than blue.- The red dress is worse than the blue one.
Mouse smaller cats.- A mouse is smaller than a cat.
He was even less attractive than a monkey.- He was less attractive than a monkey.
superlatives of adjectives:
best day.- The best day.
most badly dressing celebrities - Worst dressed celebrities.
It is the smallest cat in the world.- This is the smallest kitten in the world.
She was the most unattractive girl in school - She was the least attractive girl in the school.
This is the basic information you need to know about the comparative forms of adjectives in English.Having learned the principles of declination, pay attention to such nuances as the doubling of the last consonant of adjectives in the disappearance of the vowel, and the strengthening of comparisons using the word "much".
