Many would agree that the names of the peoples of Russia distinguished by its diversity.However, this is not surprising.Our country is huge, and that, accordingly, means that populate it are totally different people with their own culture, traditions and religion.
This article is not only to tell about the names of the peoples of Russia, which are traditional to other religions, and will affect the life of the Orthodox citizens.Also, the reader will discover some previously unknown characteristics of representatives of different parts of our country.
General information on the ethnic composition
3 Traditionally, the people of Russia (basic) were Russian, Ukrainians and Belarusians.At least ten years ago in search of the answer to the question of national ethnic group, you would get exactly the information.But is it really?Perhaps something has changed over a period of time?Try to understand.
According to the recent census of the population in general, Russia is a country with a multi-ethnic composition, where more than a hundred nationalities.
bulk of the population are indigenous people, most of whom - Russian.More than 6% - representatives of other ethnic groups, whose historical homeland is outside the Russian Federation.But despite the differences in origin, language and culture, they are closely linked by a common history and are part of a vast empire.
main religions of the country is Christianity, Islam and Buddhism, accordingly, it is not surprising that the name of the peoples of Russia with other religions are quite common.This is especially true people of the Caucasus, as well as Russians living in the Far North and the Far East.
The structure of Russia's indigenous peoples includes some of the regional groups, with similar geographical location and culture.Less than 8% of the population - the peoples of the Volga and Ural (Bashkirs, Kalmyks, Tatars, Mari et al.).Of these, about 4% - Tatars.Bashkirs and Tatars are Muslims, Kalmyks - Buddhism, and others - still Orthodox.
According to statistics, less than 3% of the population are members of the North Caucasus (Abaza, Balkars, Kabardians, Ingush, Ossetians, Chechens, and others.).These also include the peoples of Dagestan.Almost all of them are Muslims (except the Ossetian Christians).
Among the peoples of Siberia and the North include Buryats, Tuva, Altai, Khakassia, Yakuts and Shor.This list can be added and other small ethnic groups living in northern Russia.In total, the share of Siberia and the North account for 0.6% of the population.Tuva and Buryatia belong to Buddhism, and the rest - the Orthodox and Pagans.
Unidentified people's state
is interesting to note that if the name of the peoples of Russia alphabetically build, you'll find that almost all of the letters of the alphabet will be involved.So who are they, the people of the huge state?
try to talk about the lesser-known representatives.It turns out that in our time still preserved Russian ethnic groups with distinct culture, about which few people know.
For example, in Karelia there town called Vodlozerye where people live lake - Vodlozero.The village has about 600 people.Their ancestors were Russian settlers from the Moscow and Novgorod region in the XVI century., But lives in isolation changed their identity.They are all Orthodox, despite the faith in the character of Slavic mythology.
The Yakut tundra can meet the descendants of immigrants from coast-dwellers and the Cossacks, who settled here in the XVII century.Settlers founded a Russian mouth and called themselves indigirschikami (from the river Indigirka).Now they are known as russkoustintsy.Along with Orthodoxy meets shamanism.
By order of Catherine II in the XVIII century.in the Trans-Baikal region were resettled from abroad, Russian Old Believers, which created ethnic groups called Semey.These villages are still preserved the Old Believers' way of life.
Russian settlers in Western Siberia in the XVI century.the locals have nicknamed "chaldonami", which meant "a convict."Precise data about their appearance in these places do not have.Chaldony different from the type of Mongoloid peoples of Siberia and the Slavs with their appearance, language and culture.Now this small nation on the verge of extinction.Traditions of the peoples of the Russian ethnos, unfortunately, hardly survived.
In XVI-XVII centuries.Central and Eastern Pomerania in central Siberia immigrated first Russian immigrants who settled on the Taimyr Peninsula and became the basis of the population of Taimyr-Taruhanskogo district and the Angara River.So there Ethnogroup zatundrennyh Russian peasants, have adopted the life of the Evenk and Yakut.Under the influence of the indigenous inhabitants, a new Dolgan ethnic group in which orthodoxy mixed with shamanism.
Vanishing People: the Khanty and Mansi
names of the peoples of Russia, the list of which is quite extensive, it is impossible to imagine without the Khanty and Mansi.This kindred peoples of the North, resulting from the merger of cultures of the Ural Neolithic and Ugric tribes.In the past, these people are famous fearless in the hunt.But now it is a small group of the population of Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug.Homeland Khanty considered the Ob River basin, and the Munsee came here at the end of the XIX century.After that, the tribes began to promote the north and east.
Hunts were mainly taiga lifestyle and engaged in hunting and fishing.Deer for the Khanty served as a source of meat and hides, and labor in the economy.In the food consumed fish and meat animals caught in hunting.
No wonder the name of the peoples of the Russian group in tune.They have a lot in common.For example, the two nations have always lived in harmony with nature.The close link with the world of the nascent commercial cults: the first production of catch or sacrificed to idols.Most of the tribal festivals were religious in nature.
It should be noted that in our country, children begin to get acquainted with the peculiarities of the country in a fairly young age.For example, the paragraph "The names of the peoples of Russia" 2 class of secondary school is a part of the program approved by the Ministry.
kids know that many plants and animals are sacred number.Initially, information about the traditions of the peoples of Russia served in the form of fairy tales, legends and myths, t. E. In an accessible form for the little man.
way, and adults no more than it would be to learn that, according to the beliefs of the Khanty, the first woman came from the Bear.It gave people the Great Bear and the fire of knowledge, was a judge in the disputes.It was believed that the Khanty tribe led to the river Vasyugan beaver.Otters and beavers revered and treated a cult animal.Moose has been a symbol of strength and wealth.
Trees had its importance in the life of the Khanty and Mansi.Some were healed, and other forbidden to approach.The sun and moon are also worshiped.It was believed that people were due to the union of these two bodies.The sun represents the feminine principle, and the moon was a symbol of man.
tutorial section entitled "Peoples of Russia" Grade 3 has been studied little differently.Children receive a more in-depth information about the ethnographic device of their own country.
Huskies - proud northerners
name of the people of Russia, whose image sometimes quite picturesque, it is impossible to imagine without even some representatives of the ethnic group - Inuit.
They live in Chukotka, Magadan Region.The population is about 1,800 people.From a linguistic point of view, belongs to the dialect of ESCO-Aleut family of languages and is divided into two groups: the western (Yupik) and eastern (inupik).In Chukotka, the Inuit own native, Russian and Chukchi language.
etymology of the name of the peoples of Russia, a photo of which can be found in almost all the major encyclopedias of the world, sometimes can be traced quite easily.But the situation is more complicated with the Eskimos.Accurate information about the origin of the people are not there, but so far failed to establish that they are descendants of an ancient culture that existed on the shores of the Bering Sea in the end I millennium BC.e.
main source of food - sea hunting, the main instruments are considered hunting spears and harpoons.The tactics of hunting has always depended on the migration of animals.Prey were whales, walruses and seals.With the shortage of meat marine animals hunted wild animals and birds, were engaged in fishing.Moved hunters on the water in the canoes and kayaks.To move on land used dugokopylnye sledges pulled by dogs or sled with runners made of walrus tusk.It has long been in the snow skied, and the ice - in shoes with spikes of bone.
Scientists studying the traditions of the peoples of Russia, claimed that the Eskimos originally built dwellings of stone and whale rib cage snug deerskin.Later, they began to live in semi-underground frame houses, similar yaranga Chukchi.
the settlements of ancient ancestors placed on a platform so that you can monitor the movement of marine animals.Clothes made from skins of deer and seals, shoes made of sealskin, and put his feet torbasses of seal fur and stockings.Men and women are tattooed on the face and body, pierced nose and lip rings hung bone, walrus teeth, etc.
Inuit revere nature and adhere to shamanism.Hunting and fishing are dedicated rituals.
special place in folklore traditions take on the establishment of peace, bone carving and folk music.An important role played by the Inuit drum used by shamans.
A more detailed study of the life of these people, it becomes clear that the different names of the peoples of Russia - this is only the tip of the iceberg.We really are different, and in many ways: in religion, in the views, priorities, the device of social and public life.
famous reindeer - Koryak
Leafing through the next edition of the atlas "Peoples of Russia", pictures with titles that serves as a rule, it is very colorful, it is impossible not to pay attention to yet another aboriginal.
Koryak ("chavchu" - "herder") refer to Arctic Mongoloid race.Living in Magadan and Kamchatka regions and in Chukotka.The language is similar to the dialect and includes Chukchi Chukchi-Kamchatka group of Paleo-Asiatic languages.
significant impact on their culture was Russian.Before the Soviet government in the economy was dominated by primitive relations.
Koryak settlement consists of a camp with yaranga.The main type of fishing is considered to be herding, supplemented by hunting and fishing.Vehicles have a lot in common with the Chukchi and Eskimo.
Winter clothing usually consists of fur shirt, pants and bonnet.Footwear sewn from reindeer leg skins.Summer clothes made of light materials - husky and reindeer skins, fabrics and so on. D. The outfits are decorated with ornaments and pendants.Magical important hairstyle and a tattoo for women.
The food of today is deer meat.Koryak and fish harvested yukola, gathering berries and nuts.Only at the end of the XIX century.they were flour, tea, sugar and cereals.
Women in the village are treated fur and sew fur rugs, and men are engaged in manufacturing products made of solid materials.Traditional celebrations and religious ceremonies are held to certain events, and are accompanied by ritual dances and songs, games.From musical instruments along with a tambourine used harp (dental tambourine).
Disappearing ethnicity
think I've learned all the names of the peoples of Russia?Ready to bet on Tofalaria you will likely never heard of.
In the mountain taiga of the Irkutsk region is home to the local population, which numbered about 700 people.
say these people Tofalar language, adhere to Orthodoxy, but meets and shamanism.Some of the crafts include hunting and reindeer herding.Development of applied art - carvings, bones, manufacturing of products from birch bark, fur and leather.
Tofalars After the transition to a settled life for the housing began to build the house of log cabins, and before that lived in tents.Traditional clothes made from the skins of deer, elk or deer.Winter Hats were made of fur skins of deer, and in summer - from the fabric.Men wore summer coat of cloth.Now very few who wear such clothing.
Earlier in food generally consumed the meat of wild animals and birds, deer drinking milk, rye baked cakes.Tofalars kept the songs, myths and legends.
distinct peoples - Archi
Archi - small Ethnogroup living in Charodinsky district of Dagestan.
According to the census in the late 50's ethnicity was counted among the Avars.Although they do not have the ethnic and linguistic relations to this people.
Engaged Archi sheep.The main village - Archib.Archi language has no official status and his writing.
Archi Most are fluent in their native, Avar and Russian.Gen. Archi hardly exposed negative changes, migration to the city is small, there is practically no intermarriage.
Young respects their language and customs.Today, they are closely related to the two nationalities.My favorite dance - Lezginka, musical instruments - drums, kumuz and zurna.The believers are Sunni Muslims.Traditional clothing for men - hats and sheepskin coats, capes, women - long pants, colorful belts, head veil and chuhta (headdress with silver jewelry).
Who are the Votes?
Vod Today people live at the mouth of the Luga River in several villages.They number about 100 people, who are descendants of the north-western group Vod.The main fisheries in the past - animal husbandry, agriculture and fisheries.Housing and construction often built of log.
Vod diet consisted of rye bread, cereals and potatoes, dairy products.On holidays cooked meat and pies, drinking beer.
Vod are Orthodox.Many rites were performed during the calendar holidays and events devoted (birth, wedding, funeral).At the wedding were distributed to wedding lamentations, executable bride and her bridesmaids.At the funeral preserved pagan rituals - they were buried in sacred groves and surrounded the grave stones.
Nivkhi - residents of the Khabarovsk Territory
In the Khabarovsk region and Sakhalin Island live Nivkhi.Presumably, the descendants of the ancient peoples inhabiting the lower reaches of the Amur and Sakhalin.They talk in the Nivkh language Nivkh.
main activities - Marine and fishing.It is also engaged in dog breeding, hunting and gathering berries, plants and shellfish.Led a settled life.
studying the peoples of Russia, 3 obschebrazovatelnoy school class of our country has met with the ancient legends of these people.It should be noted that information on the life and culture of this ethnic group, we owe much of it is preserved to this day myths and fairy tales.
Naprmer, we found out that clothing consisted of pants and robe, made of fabric or fish skin.Winter clothes sewn from the fur of dogs and wore shoes made of fish and sealskin.
They belong to the Orthodox, but preserved religious beliefs.
Selkups - people YaNAO
in the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Area is home to most minorities of the North - Selkup ("forest man").But it is not only the name of the people.Ob Selkups called themselves syusekup ("Taiga man"), and the south - chumylkup ("earth man").
Refers to the ethnic group of the Ural race and has a low overall Mongoloid and Caucasoid features.Selkups engaged in hunting and fishing.South people are engaged in farming and processing of metals, the north - reindeer.In the XVII century.Christianity was adopted, but preserved religious rituals and holidays.
