Asian long-billed murrelet - a small bird, which belongs to the auk (order rzhankobraznyh).The range and number of nesting are not exactly known, but these birds are included in the Red Book.On the territory of our country, said the bird is protected in Kamchatka and Sakhalin, as well as in several nature reserves of the Far East.
Habitats
These migratory birds (the name of members of the family are directly related to their appearance) separate pairs nest in inland and coastal mixed and coniferous forests.There they get their food.In summer, there are rivers and lakes of fresh water from the sea in the distance: it is often recorded on lakes such as Azhabache, Kronotsky and the Kuril.
jacks are located is always made of larch and lichen twigs and lined with lichens and pine needles.Some birds winter in the Gulf of Peter the Great (in the Maritime Territory) in Japan - off the coast of Hokkaido, Kyushu and Honshu, on the Korean Peninsula, as well as in the Liaodong and Shandong peninsulas.
Painting
Pyzhik - a bird whose upper body is brownish-black coloring with a border of feathers yellowish sand-color.The downside with the wide white with dark spots.Iris of the eye is brown hue, dark horny beak, reddish-pink legs with webbed black.In nature, it stands a bright contrast throat.In winter, the two-tone coloring - white underside and a dark top.The white ring around the eye is.At the head of a dark cap, which descends below the organs of vision.
Lifestyle and behavior
Asian long-billed murrelet mainly lives in groups.Although it was found several seats arranged one by one.Thus, two of them were found in the wood away from the shore.The first was created in the fork of a branch, the second - at a height of almost thirty meters from the ground in the hollow.The rest were found nests in the hollows in the middle of the tundra in the subantarctic small islands.
Nest
should be noted that all found nests mainly placed at a height of two to seven meters on the larch and were made of small twigs and lichen, lined with pine needles carefully.
Power
Asian long-billed murrelet feeds mainly on fish.Also in his food samples were found larvae of aquatic insects and crustaceans.
Reproduction
I must say that in the breeding season the birds life has not been studied.In Russia, until now found only three nests: on the coast of Sakhalin Island in the Chayvo Bay, on the watershed Kukhtui and hunting, as well as on the peninsula Kony, located near Magadan.Based on these instances, the Asian long-billed murrelet lays eggs in late June - early July.In the clutch is always only one egg.The chicks hatch in about a month (in late July or early August).As the information about this bird at this time is very small, it should be noted that the enemies and limiting factors are unknown.
Progeny
single egg, which has an elongated oval shape differs pale bluish-green speckled with small dark brown shade.Fawn in the breeding season often fly over the forest at dusk with a piercing whistle.As already mentioned, incubating lasts an average of thirty days.This process involved both representatives of couples.
Little chicks are covered with soft yellowish-gray down, have small dark spots.The duration of their stay in the nests of four weeks.At this time, adult migratory birds, whose names are directly related to their elongated beak, bring offspring larvae and worms to feed.The nesting places adults appear very early.This usually occurs in early May.This immediately they start to breed only in June.
number
On the shore of Kamchatka in the three-kilometer strip of waters in the summer was considered about 9,000 long-billed murrelet.On the east coast at the same time they noted the 7000 individuals and 2000 - on the west.The density of birds in some parts of the coast of Kamchatka reached 8 individuals per square meter.
Similar species
They differ from korotkoklyuvogo fawn riding a darker shade of brown with small ripples, completely dark tail and a long beak.And in the winter - a large dark hat, fall below the eye of the bird.
Threats mean
exact information about the enemies, as well as the limiting factor in the present moment are not known to science.There have been cases of contamination of feathers oil.
Security
Asian fawn, like all the rare birds of the world, listed in the Red Book.In addition, it is included in the application of bilateral agreements between Russia and the United States, Japan, North Korea and South Korea on the protection of migratory birds.Pyzhik protected in Magadan, Kronotsky, Kuril, Poronaisk and Sikhote-Alin reserves and sanctuaries in Sakhalin and Kamchatka.Require special examination to determine the exact breeding range and numbers.
