In the 20th century - and now in the 21st - the humanitarian area of expertise is increasingly putting human - its features, behavior, character - at the center of scientific research.In linguistics there is the same: we are interested in the language, not as an abstract phenomenon, but as a manifestation of human nature, the development achievements.In science, there is still no common concepts and definitions of what a "linguistic identity".However, along with "the language picture of the world" - related concepts - a phenomenon takes scientists at all levels of language learning - from the textual phonetics and finishing.In a very generalized formulation we can say that language personality - a combination of language and expression of human behavior.The formation of the discourse of the individual affects primarily his mother tongue.
Here we should remember those linguistic hypothesis (for example, Sapir-Whorf hypothesis), according to which it determines the language of thinking.For example, for Russian-speaking people are complex concepts defined and indefinite articles, which are perceived by the elementary carriers of Germanic languages (English, Danish, German).A comparison with Polish, in Russian there is no "female-corporeal category."That is where the Polish distinguishes between (say, by a pronoun or verb form), carried out whether it is a group in which there were only women, children and animals, and otherwise - about the group, which was attended by at least one man, to Russianthere are no fundamental differences.What is the impact?Errors in language learners who are not the result of poor training, and other linguistic consciousness, a linguistic personality.
even speak their own language, we communicate differently, say, among peers, with teachers in the forums.That is, depending on the area of communication, we will use different qualities of our personality - what is our linguistic identity, choosing language, design proposals, style.On its formation is influenced not only the native language as such, but also the environment of education and level of education and area of specialization.It is worth noting that the linguistic identity of the doctor, for example, will be different from the language of the individual programmer or an employee of Agriculture.Doctors are more likely to use medical terminology, even in ordinary speech, of association and the comparison will be more likely to contact with the human body.Whereas in speech engineers often observed metaphors associated with machinery and cars.Thus, the structure of the language person depends on many factors.The environment in which we were brought up, creating the foundation, however, as well as our character and personality traits, the structure is in constant development and it has an impact and the environment of our residence.Notice how falling into another family - say, getting married - she begins to speak a little differently, using proverbs or "sayings", adopted by the family of her husband.Even more interesting is the case, if the identity of the language continues to evolve in a foreign environment.So, we have a number of emigrants features, it affects the language in which they have to communicate on a daily basis.
In theory and practice of linguistics linguistic identity of the translator has a special place.The fact is that the translator is not only a carrier of a particular culture, but also a mediator - a mediator - a transmitter phenomena one culture to another.Its task is not only to transfer information, but also, often, in the reconstruction of the same strength the emotional impact on the reader, the transmission spectrum of the same feelings and associations, which is the original language.And it turns out that it is absolutely "objective" Transfer is not possible in practice, because in all - ranging from those places that were not understood or misunderstood, and ending with the choice of phraseology and metaphors - affects linguistic identity of the author of translation.Especially brightly it can be traced on the example of translations of the same poem by different translators.Even within the same time period (for example, translations of Petrarch, who performed the poets of the Silver Age) style, imaging system and, ultimately, the overall impact of the same poem in different translations will be radically different.
