Practice shows that learning the Russian language, orthograms "n" and "nn" in the sacraments - one of the most difficult.It is clear that the use of almost any spelling rules, it is necessary to rely on the knowledge of morphology - the science that studies the words belonging to one or another part of speech.But in spelling "n" and "nn" in communion distinction between the parts of speech is especially important.
The reason is very simple: the adjectives and participles answer the same questions, but are subject to different rules in selecting the number of "n" in the suffix.Therefore, before studying orfogrammy first need to make sure that the students distinguish the two parts of speech from each other.
adjective used to determine the subject matter of the independent feature, but a sign designated participle is a verbal basis.Kinship with adjectives and participles similarity leads to the fact that students know by heart even rule "n" and "nn" in verbal adjectives and participles, allowed a lot of mistakes.
algorithm that can be used to separate the passive participle of the adjectives is fairly simple.If we have the adjective, its closest relative - the noun.The choice between "n" and "nn" in the suffix stands in denominative adjectives.Assign them to the action of the verb, it is impossible:
sand (sand) beach, pottery (clay) cookware.
Communion can also be turned into a verb from which it is, in fact, emerged:
grown (to grow) tomatoes, painted (paint) wall off (turn off) the instrument.
Another difficulty orfogrammy "n" and "nn" with participles - is the presence in the language of the so-called verbal adjectives.They are, according to this algorithm is referred to the Communion, which leads to a spelling error.
verbal adjectives, indeed, very similar to passive.The difference between the two is the species of the verb from which they originate.There is no verbal adjective prefix because they are formed from imperfective verbs:
chiseled (grind - nesov.v.) Pencil, carrying (wearing - nesov.v.) Clothes, knitting (knitting) mittens.
As can be seen from the examples, the default in these words written one "n".
communion there is usually a set-top box - an inheritance from parents, namely perfective verbs:
ensued (tie - sov.v.) knots soaked (soak - sov.v.) apples.But
tricks orfogrammy "n" and "nn" in the sacraments were not over.Verbal adjectives are easily converted into a passive participle, if the gain-dependent word:
Knitwear (by whom?) Grandmother fried (to what?) In a frying pan, break (how?) Zigzag line.
Just as in other rules, spelling "n" and "nn" in communion of adjectives and it is worth remembering some exceptions.For example, words that are at the end - "ovanny" or "ёvanny" (except adjectives "forged" and "zhёvany") are always written with the double letter "n."Of interest is the word "wounded", originating from the perfect form of the verb, but which refers to a verbal adjective.
Once students learn to accurately identify the part of speech, the application of this rule will cease to be difficult.
