Slavic peoples came to the territory of the Black Sea as early as the third millennium BC.Very quickly they have occupied vast lands.Where did they come, who were our ancestors?When the first Slavic state?Let us examine these issues.
Background
After the first millennium BC, Slavic peoples settled in their own territories, and began to form a state, they had been known a little.Historians and scholars, researchers, based on a set of evidence, it is believed that our ancestors mastered sufficiently large land, including the Balkans and Eastern Europe.
official information about the tribes converted in the first Slavic state, considered to be the recording of the seventh century after Christ.On these large-scale formations remembered due to the fact that the surrounding areas were other people who were trying to oust them.
Education Slavic states: Table theories of
While many scientists are developing this issue, their opinion largely similar.There are only three theories that describe how arose the first East Slavic state.Let us examine them in detail, as well as find out who is most actively supported and developed these doctrines:
| Slavic, she antinormannskaya | Norman | centrist |
| followers of the theory believe that the ancient Russiangovernment formed without the Vikings | Slavs agreed to help the Vikings, and they created their power | country emerged with the help of our ancestors and the Normans |
| Rybakov, Lomonosov | Karamzin, Miller |
Yurganov, Katsva, modern historians |
very
get acquainted with the most typical doctrine.As many as 80% of modern historians agree that the formation of Slavic states began to power itself.It was a great union of several tribes.We created in order to be able to jointly defend themselves by all sorts of enemies, who claim to fertile land.The Union had another function, at least harmless.The tribes, called Power Of course, the overall planning raids on isolated settlements.
In its structure appeared tribes that lived in what is now:
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Moravians,
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Serbs,
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Czechs,
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Slovaks,
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Croats.
center of this association was a town called Visegrad.He stood on the river Morava.The name of your protogosudarstva is received on behalf of leader.Self managed to unite under his command once-scattered tribes.
Leader rules thirty years, and 623 years since 658. He managed to achieve great results.Connect in one country are quite different tribes.But it turned out that all the power itself has been associated only charisma of the leader.At that moment, when the leader died, and it ceased to exist.
Bulgarian kingdom
Education Slavic states - it is a long process.It was a stop intervals, returning to the original state.After the Power goes broke in the year 658, it is a prolonged lull.It was interrupted in 681, when the first mention of the Bulgarian Kingdom.
Like the previous generation, it is a kind of union in which the militant tribes merged.Such an alliance was beneficial for them to capture new territories.The Bulgarian Empire consisted tribes of Slavs and Turks.From such a symbiosis in the tenth century there nationality Bulgarians.
8-9 century falls the highest development of the Kingdom.At the same time become the dominant ethnic group Slavs in these territories.Develop culture, literature, architecture.Bulgarian kingdom is in active hostilities against Byzantium.
emergence of Slavic states for it was very unprofitable.The Byzantine Empire flourished and promoted their possessions inland, but suddenly came upon a stiff resistance.
In the heyday of the kingdom of him ruler was Simeon.He managed to win back the territory to the Black Sea and create capital in Preslav.
After the king died, the subjects began to lead the battle within the state.Everyone wanted to grab for his tribe territory better and bigger.
in 1014 was the end of the Bulgarian kingdom.Weakened by internal battles, his army easily conquered the Byzantine emperor.Basil II, winning, blinded 15,000 soldiers.In 1021 the capital was captured by Bulgarian Kingdom Srem.At the same time the state is not.
Moravia
next in the time frame in which the formation of Slavic states, was the Great Moravia.Power emerged as an attempt to protect themselves from enemy attacks of Germanic tribes in the ninth century.At the same time the beginning of a violent feudalization occur in Europe.Many small farmers have tried to escape to Moravia, and together with the local population to organize a decent resistance courtly nobility.Scattered tribes formerly allied.
During Svjatopolka part of the state were: Pannonia, Czech Republic, Slovakia and Poland Minor.As in the previous Slavic nations, from Moravia was no central control.Most were part of the union territories remained under their leader or king.The capital was the city of Velehrad.
In 863 Moravia arrived early Christians along with the Cyril and Methodius.They had a tremendous influence on the formation of writing in this country and to all Slavic union.
Moravia flourished in the life and reign of Svyatopolk.When the lord died with him came to an end and the state.This feature is common to all formations of ancient Slavs.On the territory of the former Moravian attacked the Magyars, and after them - the nomads.Slovakia broke away to Hungary, the Czech Republic and start an independent existence.
Kievan Rus
Education Slavic states was held in several periods.Kievan Rus was the most powerful of the pre-Christian countries.It consisted of the eastern Slavs.They are united in a single state in the 8-9 century.The center of Kievan Rus was in the city of Kiev.A detailed history of the powers described chronicler Nestor in "The Tale of Bygone Years".
country experienced the arrival of Christianity, the collapse of the Byzantine Empire, incursions of nomadic peoples, among whom were the Mongols, led by Genghis Khan.In 1054 in its composition it had all the tribes of the Eastern Slavs.Kievan Rus broke up in 1132.
Education Slavic states: Table Slav settlements
According territory they occupied, the Slavs were divided into western, eastern and southern.Among them were later formed separate ethnic groups with their own language, culture and traditions.Slavic states emerged as a union of small tribes, which eventually split into:
| Oriental | Western | South |
| Russian | Slovaks | Serbs |
| Belarus | Czechs | Bulgarians |
| Ukrainians | Poles | Croats |
| Tribes Pomerania | tribes from the Balkans |
As you can see, the Slavic peoples over a thousand years to go, to form their own lesson regardless of the state.This path was thorny, many times could be interrupted, however it did not happen.Now our ancestors could proud of us as modern power finally achieved independence and recognition by the neighbors.
