Selma Lagerlof
.She was born November 20, 1858 in the province of Värmland in the south of Sweden.
ancient but impoverished noble family.
Mårbacka family estate after the death of the father of Selma, a retired officer Eric Gustaf Lagerlof, it will be sold for debts, and his daughter will buy it when literature earn big money.
Selma Ottiliana Loviisa - the fourth of five children.
In three years it broke infantile paralysis, paralyzed legs to walk again, she began to only nine after treatment Gymnastic Institute in Stockholm, and remained lame for life.
From sick children often grow dreamers and writers.
In childhood and adolescence Selma wrote poetry, reading voraciously, but cut off from the life of a princess-dreamer did not give it to become: a girl from a wealthy, aristocratic family, and let the profession requires.
Although lameness, Selma goes to study in Stockholm, first in high school and then at the Royal Academy of the highest female.
And just graduated from her comfortable world when the former finally collapses father died Mårbacka owned Lagerlöf family from the XVI century, was sold.
Selma became a teacher in a girls' school in Landskrona.
Students love her, authorities askance because too democratic activities and unformatted feed, but nothing endures.
She evenings wrote his first novel, "Gösta Berlings Saga."
While this is only a few chapters that 32-year-old teacher decided to send to the literary contest.
first prize plus a proposal to publish the novel, which is not even appended to the end.
to finalization, Selma Lagerlof takes a long-term school holiday literature in those days was still considered sufficiently serious business to devote all his time.
Financially helped a friend, Baroness Sophie Aldespare, and then, after the publication of "Yёsty Berling" Lagerlof received a scholarship of King Oscar II and was able to drop out of school altogether.
and takes only what she wanted: to travel (in the 90 years she has to go on Sicily, Palestine and Egypt) and write.
In 1902 saw the release of a two-volume novel "Jerusalem", the fee for which has allowed it to buy back home Mårbacka.
And in 1906 - "Wonderful Adventures of Nils Holgersson for Sweden," sic.
We are accustomed to from childhood, that this book is called "The Wonderful Adventures of Nils".
«Nils" was commissioned by the teachers of the Company is as a textbook in geography for Swedish students.
Boy vicious dwarf for bad behavior, riding on a goose flying over his native country, surveying it with goose height of flight, and wise Akka Kebnekayze, goose-leader of the pack helps to properly deal with the material.
received an order for enough to put it mildly, an original concept of the textbook was not so simple, but on the other hand - she Selma Lagerlof, quite a big name in the literature, plus teaching experience.
accepted the book was too controversial: it is evaluating a textbook, critics accused the writer insufficiently structured, an excess of folklore, and some of them directly, and called the novel "a failed medley of fantastic dreams of an old maid."
But then the pendulum swung the other way, "Lagerlof children gave impetus to knowledge."
And most importantly - a new textbook adopted children.
«While children have fun reading this book, it will win", - said the writer herself.
Soviet children read an adapted "Nils".A reduction of almost one-fifth.Getting rid of the details of the Swedish geography: indeed, why should we scrupulous listing of towns, villages and rivers with unpronounceable names?
And many know by Niels wonderful cartoon "Enchanted Boy", one of the full-length masterpiece of Soviet animation.
Nobel Committee considered the candidacy of Selma Lagerlof several times, and her prize was awarded in 1909.The woman - a unique precedent.The woman, a storyteller, and it's not just about "Niels": a strange, fantastic atmosphere and comes through in the "adult" it works, beginning with "Yёsty Berling."
After Nobelevki Selma Lagerlof continued literary work: novels were written, "Exile", "King of Portugal", the historical trilogy about Lёvenshёldah several autobiographical books.
lot of time to pioneering feminism then, spoke at conferences and congresses of women, including in the United States.
For the feminist movement it has become clear, the living symbol - of such a breakthrough, as the woman nobeliat, had never before dreamed of.
Articles Source: zn.ua
