In any economy paramount takes energy complex.Electricity is important in all aspects of the functioning of the state (as in the industrial sector, and at home).One of the main links in the electricity industry are thermal power plants.Consider this question in more detail.
Thermal power plants - a set of equipment for the conversion of chemical, thermal energy of fossil fuels into electricity.As energy use coal, fuel oil, natural gas, peat, shale.This type of electricity generation became known in the late nineteenth century, when they were built the first thermal power plant in New York (in 1882), St. Petersburg (1883), Berlin (1884).Since that time, power generation at thermal power plants in the energy sector was the main, and up to date, and remains such.
Thermal power plants are divided into condensation and cogeneration.This separation naturally.Condensing thermal power plants produce only electricity, while the coolant is recycled and is discharged into reservoirs.These companies have little efficiency (30% -40%).Construction of condensing thermal power plants near the extraction sites rational fuel, even if they are located at a considerable distance from the consumer.
The city is mainly used thermal power plant, which in addition to its main task - generate electricity - and provide residents with hot water.Experts have proven that this method of delivery of the coolant is not effective, because it is accompanied by large losses thermal energy, but most of our cities use it power plant.
At present, thermal power stations Russia produce more than 70% of the country's electricity.Large industrial plants that produce more than 2 million. KW, it Urengoi GRES, Berezovskaya GRES, Surgut GRES, GRES on the basis of the Kansk-Achinsk basin.Thermal power plant Russia in their work mainly use natural gas, coal and fuel oil.
use of CHP has both advantages and disadvantages.One of the main advantages of this kind of power - its free location.In our time, the necessary fuel can be delivered to any region.CHP able to supply other than electricity and heat transfer fluids, and hot water, which is especially important in the urban economy.Also, power generation is independent of external climatic conditions.
Among the disadvantages of using CHP emit low efficiency of work, pollution, work on natural resource stocks are not restored.
In the energy system of the country, in addition to heat, used hydraulic and nuclear power plants, but the role of CHP remains huge.In recent years, more and more are beginning to use the energy of wind and sun.
